tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-78738094373201255762024-02-08T05:57:13.071-08:00Draw and write paperMikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.comBlogger191125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-32217990327943076922020-08-24T02:05:00.001-07:002020-08-24T02:05:03.435-07:00To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee - The Death of Innocence :: Free Essay Writer Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-88301771452706703972020-08-22T00:17:00.001-07:002020-08-22T00:17:32.905-07:00Polymer formulationPolymer definition Section 1 Presentation Colors are added substances in a polymer plan which give endless prospects to creators who need to separate their item. Enactment and uprising ecological mindfulness has prompted the progressive eliminating of substantial metal inorganic colors and expanded use of natural shades. Regardless of their great warmth solidness, light speed, tinctorial quality and ease, certain natural colors are broadly known to cause critical warpage in polyethylene moldings (even at shade fixations as low as 0.1% wt).[1,2] This marvel is particularly normal in enormous slim walled moldings, for example, covers, bottle boxes and trays.[3] It is commonly acknowledged that the warpage wonder is brought about by the nucleating impact these natural shades have on polyethylene. They go about as nucleating specialists, expanding crystallization rate and changing the morphology of moldings. Morphological changes cause higher interior pressure which prompts distortion.[2] Adding on to the issue, diverse natural shades nucleate polyethylene to various degrees, making it difficult to create moldings with indistinguishable measurements utilizing indistinguishable preparing conditions when an assortment of colors are used.[4] Various endeavors have just been made, with typically moderate achievement, to settle natural shade initiated warpage. They run from modifying process parameters, shape configuration changes, pre-treatment of shades, to consolidation of extra added substances. A survey of writing in this examination zone demonstrated that albeit a few examinations have been directed to research the fuse of nucleating specialists to abrogate nucleating impacts of natural colors on polypropylene, constrained data of this sort exists for polyethylene. The particular instrument behind nucleating operators abrogating nucleation by natural shades is likewise still muddled. Subsequently, it is the point of this examination to consider the impact of nucleating specialists, in light of potassium stearate and carboxylic corrosive salts, on the crystallization and warpage conduct of high thickness polyethylene containing copper phthalocyanine green shade. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Optical Microscopy (OM) will be utilized to follow the crystallization conduct of the details and connections between's pace of crystallization and shrinkage conduct will likewise be made. Part 2 Writing REVIEW 2.1. Nucleation and Crystallization of Semi-Crystalline Polymers 2.1.1. Crystallization Mechanisms Crystallization includes the arrangement of an arranged structure from a cluttered stage, for example, liquefy or weaken solution.[5] The crystallization procedure of polymers is thermodynamically determined. It is administered by change in Gibbs free vitality, ÃG.[6] ÃG = ÃH TÃS (2-1) Where ÃH is change in enthalpy, T is total temperature and ÃS is change in entropy. At the point when ÃG is negative, crystallization is thermodynamically good. This happens when loss of enthalpy upon crystallization surpasses the loss of entropy increased by outright temperature. It can subsequently be inferred that as the total temperature of the framework falls, the main thrust of crystallization will increase.[7] For a polymer to take shape, it must comply with the accompanying requirements:[8] Sub-atomic structure must be sufficiently ordinary to permit crystalline requesting Crystallization temperature must be beneath softening point however not near glass progress temperature Nucleation must happen before crystallization Crystallization rate ought to be adequately high A hundred percent crystallinity is unimaginable in polymers because of variables, for example, chain snares, thick drag and fanning. Along these lines they are named ââ¬Ësemi-crystalline. All semi-crystalline polymers display an extraordinary balance liquefying temperature above which crystallites soften and underneath which a liquid polymer begins to take shape. The crystallization of semi-crystalline polymers is a two-advance procedure comprising precious stone nucleation and gem growth.[6] 2.1.2. Essential Nucleation Essential nucleation can be characterized as the arrangement of short-run requested polymer accumulations in soften which go about as a central base on which crystallization can occur.[9] There are three components of essential nucleation, in particular, homogeneous nucleation, heterogeneous nucleation and direction initiated nucleation.[10] 2.1.2.1. Homogeneous Nucleation Homogeneous nucleation includes the unconstrained making of core in a semi-crystalline polymer dissolve when it is cooled beneath its harmony softening temperature.[7] This procedure is named as irregular as cores are framed in convenient succession.[11] Creation of cores happens when factual variety inside a polymer liquefy brings about the arrangement of requested congregations of chain sections bigger than a basic size[7]; for the most part between 2-10nm.[11] Below this basic size, the cores are flimsy and might be destroyed.[11] For the most part, super-cooling to between 50-100à °C beneath balance liquefying temperature is negligibly required to accomplish genuine homogeneous nucleation.[12] The super-cooling is credited to the vitality obstruction homogeneous cores are required to defeat to reach stability.[7]. At the point when sub-atomic portions pack close to one another to shape an incipient organism, there is an adjustment in free vitality, ÃG, brought about by two contradicting components. The making of new gem surface builds free vitality (ÃS is negative) while the decrease in volume of the framework diminishes free vitality (Ã(U+pV) ââ°Ë ÃH is negative). The two contradicting components lead to a size-subordinate free vitality bend which characterizes basic core size.[13] A little incipient organism has high surface to volume proportion thus ÃG is certain; at the end of the day, gem development isn't thermodynamically favourable.[13,14] However as cores develop, the surface to volume proportion diminishes to a certain degree where volume change exceeds the production of new surface and change in free vitality decline; precious stone development turns out to be progressively likely. This point is characterized as basic cores size or more this point, the vitality boundary is o vercome.[13,14] Eventually when ÃG gets negative, cores are thermodynamically steady, preparing for additional development into lamellae or spherulites.[14] The base number of unit cells required to frame a steady cores decline when temperature decline, because of a decrease in vitality boundary. At the end of the day, the pace of homogeneous nucleation increments when temperature of the polymer decreases.[7] 2.1.2.2. Heterogeneous Nucleation By and by, one as a rule watches heterogeneous nucleation and not homogeneous nucleation.[15] Heterogeneous nucleation includes the arrangement of cores on the outside of remote bodies present in the liquid period of a semi-crystalline polymer. The outside bodies can appear as unusual contaminations, for example, dust particles or impetus leftovers, nucleating operators included reason or gems of a similar material effectively present in the liquid stage (self-seeding).[7,8] The nearness of remote bodies incredibly diminishes the vitality hindrance for the development of stable cores. This explanation behind this is, polymer atoms which set against previous surfaces of remote bodies make less new fluid/strong interface than a similar volume of polymer particles shaping a homogeneous nucleus.[6] In turn, basic size of cores is littler in heterogeneous nucleation when contrasted with homogenous nucleation so heterogeneous nucleation consistently happens at lower supercooling.[16] Outside bodies with crystallographic spacings coordinating the semi-crystalline polymer are particularly compelling heterogeneous nucleating specialists. Great nucleation destinations incorporate gem grain limits, breaks, discontinuities and cavities.[7] 2.1.2.3. Direction Induced Nucleation Direction prompted nucleation is brought about by some level of atomic arrangement in the liquid period of a semi-crystalline polymer. Sub-atomic arrangement diminishes the entropy distinction between the liquid and crystalline condition of the polymer. This sort of nucleation is significant in different procedures, for example, fiber dissolve turning, film-framing and infusion shaping. In these procedures, polymer liquefy is sheared previously and during crystallisation.[8,17] 2.1.3. Gem Growth 2.1.3.1. Essential Crystallization Essential crystallization happens when dissolve of a semi-crystalline polymer is cooled underneath its balance liquefying temperature. It includes atomic fragments saving onto the developing essence of crystallites or cores. The resultant gem development happens along the an and b tomahawks, comparative with the polymers unit cell. These augmentations of sub-atomic portions can happen through two instruments: tight crease contiguous reemergence or autonomous testimony (outlined in Figure 2.3).[6] Tight overlap nearby reemergence necessitates that chain stems be set down constantly from a solitary polymer particle in a progression of clasp twists until its length is depleted. This single particle is believed to be ââ¬Ëreeled in from encompassing liquid material.[7] This instrument necessitates that atomic movements along the polymer particles shape length to be a few times quicker than the pace of precious stone development. Then again, the autonomous affidavit instrument just requires confined movement of atomic portions. Atomic sections just need to re-compose adequately to line up with sub-atomic portions at the crystallite face.[6] tight overlay nearby reemergence autonomous deposition[6] 2.1.3.2. Optional Crystallization After a semi-crystalline polymer is cooled to room temperature, crystallization is still thermodynamically good however confined by the low versatility of sub-atomic portions in its nebulous locales. Over an all-encompassing timeframe, which can length from hours to weeks, re-course of action of atomic fragments inside nebulous areas can prompt further gem development. This procedure is characterized as s Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-34387627559036607592020-07-16T08:51:00.001-07:002020-07-16T08:51:03.734-07:00Do You Think You Have Become AddictedDo You Think You Have Become Addicted Addiction Drug Use Print Do You Think You Have Become Addicted? By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on January 05, 2018 Drugs Can Be Harmful Even If You are Not Addicted. © PhotoXpress.com More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Not everyone who uses drugs becomes addicted, but substance abuse can cause problems for individuals whether they are technically addicted or not. There are different levels of substance abuse, and all of them can be dangerous. Substance Abuse Disorder Using drugs or other substances becomes abusive and categorized as a substance abuse disorder when the use begins to cause continuing or growing problems in the users life. These problems include missing work or school, driving under the influence, legal problems, and problems with friends or family relationships. Chemical Dependency Dependency usually becomes noticeable in substance abusers when they continue their pattern of drug use in spite of incurring significant problems in their lives. Some signs of chemical dependency include spending more time on drug-seeking behavior, withdrawing from society and activities, an increased tolerance to the substance, unsuccessful attempts to quit, withdrawal symptoms during abstinence or reduced intake, and continuing use in spite of negative consequences. Chemical Addiction: Addiction can best be described as a compulsively continued use of a drug or substance and a complete inability to stop. An addict is a person who is controlled by a drug or substance. Do You Have a Substance Abuse Problem? The following questions were written by recovering addicts in Narcotics Anonymous and published in NAs brochure Am I an Addict? If you have doubts about whether or not youâre an addict, take a few moments to read the questions below and answer them as honestly as you can. Do you ever use alone?Have you ever substituted one drug for another, thinking that one particular drug was the problem?Have you ever manipulated or lied to a doctor to obtain prescription drugs?Have you ever stolen drugs or stolen to obtain drugs?Do you regularly use a drug when you wake up or when you go to bed?Have you ever taken one drug to overcome the effects of another?Do you avoid people or places that do not approve of you using drugs?Have you ever used a drug without knowing what it was or what it would do to you?Has your job or school performance ever suffered from the effects of your drug use?Have you ever been arrested as a result of using drugs?Have you ever lied about what or how much you use?Do you put the purchase of drugs ahead of your financial responsibilities?Have you ever tried to stop or control your using?Have you ever been in a jail, hospital, or drug rehabilitation center because of your using?Does using interfere with your sleeping or eating?Does the though t of running out of drugs terrify you?Do you feel it is impossible for you to live without drugs?Do you ever question your own sanity?Is your drug use making life at home unhappy?Have you ever thought you couldnât fit in or have a good time without drugs?Have you ever felt defensive, guilty, or ashamed of your using?Do you think a lot about drugs?Have you had irrational or indefinable fears?Has using affected your sexual relationships?Have you ever taken drugs you didnât prefer?Have you ever used drugs because of emotional pain or stress?Have you ever overdosed on any drugs?Do you continue to use despite negative consequences?Do you think you might have a drug problem? Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-78689416375220598222020-05-21T14:27:00.001-07:002020-05-21T14:27:08.426-07:00Preserving the uniqueness of local cultures in their... As time progresses, the modern day society and cultures are slowly integrating into a world that is increasingly becoming one global economically and technologically interdependent whole, where universal mobility is taking architects and architecture across borders and through continents at an unprecedented speed. (Tzonis and Lefaivre, 484) The universalizing of culture is in some ways an advancement for humanity, however global integration is threatening to subtly disintegrate the stylistic innovation in architecture as the universal styles and cultures takes over. In order to address the threat of globalization in architecture, it is a imperative to focus on the use of critical regionalism throughout the world. By the integration ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦By paying attention to the lighting conditions of the site, the window, a crucial element in architectural expression removes itself from the repetitiveness of the universal styles. These add into the factors of climatic co ntrol, bringing up the needlessness of artificial climates which need to be maintained within the buildings, rather than the interior climate maintaining itself. The usage of local materials and style also becomes an important factor in keeping the uniqueness of the local cultures. This does not imply to copy the vernacular style of the area but rather insert a reinterpretation of the local culture in the creation of the new design. The critical regionalist will attempt to create a place oriented culture without completely mimicking the traditional styles with the usage of the local materials and possibly local techniques. With this, the building ends up fitting with the buildings of the local area. The universal style of architecture does not maintain this important factor but rather deviates nearly completely from the local styles and materials. An example of this would be the city of Dubai. With the importation steel and glass, the structures tend to have little to no relation to the location nor the original culture design styles. Rather than following the ideal designs that would fit with the extreme heat of the desert, the architects designed what are essentially green houses in theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Art As a Shared Experience1430 Words à |à 6 PagesArt, even in its simplest form, has a culture embedded on it. It cannot be separated from the artistââ¬â¢s way of life. It differentiates a culture from all the rest and defines itself to an extent where nobody but the artist can even grasp. Traces of art forms have been identified alongside the evolution of mankind and flourished since the establishment of civilizations. These earlier art masterpieces in the form of sculptures, cave paintings, petroglyphs and the like were found from different partsRead MoreUrban Regeneration And Urban Development9597 Words à |à 39 Pagesinfluences and urban planning techniques, it has been realized that the old heritage and culture, the core Pune identi ty is slowly been taking a blow. The urbanization has been transforming the urban townscapes of Pune into completely new dimensions thus hampering the glorious heritage and cultural identity for which the city of Pune is known for. The following research will highlight the importance of preserving and rediscovering the cultural heritage areas of Pune which can help develop and retainRead MoreThesis: Tourism and Rizal Park7777 Words à |à 32 Pagesthose who tend to it. Here is a park that is used, loved and nurtured by the people who saw it shape up from nothing (http://rizalpark.nationalparks.ph/main.htm, October 9, 2013). Tourist attractions can be natural or man-made. The history and culture of a place are also very important attractions that enhance the natural and man-made attractions found in the place. The history of a place is felt through visits to old buildings and churches, and other places of historical value. Activities forRead MoreTechnology And The Digital Revolution2073 Words à |à 9 PagesCultural heritage sites are spaces full of rich culture and innovation, providing abundant opportunities for visitors to learn and explore. They are valued for their ability to broaden knowledge, expand minds and deliver new experiences to sites of cultural and historical value. 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CARITAS UNIVERSITY AMORJI ââ¬âNIKE ENUGU STATE AUGUST, 2010 THE ROLE OF RADIO IN PROPAGATING CULTURE IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF KOLUAMA, BAYELSA STATE) Read MoreCompetitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance65536 Words à |à 263 Pagesunique in its industry along some dimensions that are widely valued by buyers. It selects one or more attributes that many buyers in an industry perceived as important, and uniquely positions itself to meet those needs. It is rewarded for its uniqueness with a premium price. Differentiation is peculiar to each industry. It can be based on the product itself, the delivery system by which it is sold, the marketing approach and a broad range of other factors. Ex. 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No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the priorRead MoreBusiness Case: Marketing Research for Customers Segmentation12172 Words à |à 49 PagesAnalysis Plan .............................................................................................. 14 3.4.5 Fielding the Survey ..................................................................................... 15 3.4.6 Analysis Interpretation ................................... .......................................... 15 3.4.7 Translating Results to Action ...................................................................... 15 3.5 Control of performance ........................ Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-89580941385050461342020-05-06T23:25:00.001-07:002020-05-06T23:25:14.006-07:00The Social Penetration Theory Of Communication - 1509 Words The Social Penetration Theory and Its Application to Plot Lines for Successful Films Everyone goes through situations in which they form new relationships with people they previously did not know. For example, when a student moves onto a college campus for his or her freshman year, the student will have to go through the process of making new friends and getting to know his or her roommate. The social penetration theory of communication explains how new relationships form and the levels a relationship must go through before it can be described as being friends. The social penetration theory can be described as a theory of self-disclosure. Altman and Taylor created the social penetration theory to explain howâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The layers of self-disclosure can be identified as layers of an onion. Self-disclosure can be referred to as layers of an onion because in the relationship you peel back a layer at a time. The outer layer of the onion is only superficial communication that is not as intimate and can be seen by any of the public. This communication ca n include height, weight, where someone works or goes to school, etc. The inner layer of the onion includes more personal communication that is not always seen by the public. This inner layer can include communication that involves a persons goals, values, and beliefs. In a study done in 2012, bloggers tended to stick to the outer layers of the onion when discussing topics in their blogs (Tang). The social penetration theory and social mediaââ¬â¢s impact on the theory will be expanded upon more later on in the paper. Two big pieces of this social penetration theory puzzle are depth and breadth of self-disclosure. The depth of self-disclosure is how deep someone can penetrate the layers of the onion or how deep your self-disclosure goes. The more intimate someone is in the relationship the more depth of self-disclosure that relationship will have. Where-as the breadth of self-disclosure is the range of topics in which disclosure takes place within a relationship. Younger people t end to have more breadth where-as the older generation tends to take partShow MoreRelatedThe Social Penetration Theory Of Interpersonal Communication814 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Social Penetration Theory interpersonal communication was proposed by the psychologists and theorists, Altman and Taylor in 1973, with the idea of offering an explanation for the closeness or intimacy that can develop between two people. ââ¬Å"The social penetration theory states that as relationships develop, communication moves from relatively shallow, no intimate levels to deeper, more personal ones.â⬠(Altman and Taylor in 1973.) They also proposed that this process towards closeness, is regulatedRead MoreThe Effects of Facebook Communication on Social Penetration Theory1456 Words à |à 6 PagesAbstract The Effects of Facebook Communication on Social Penetration Theory This paper examines a possible study to measure how CMC -- specifically Facebook communication -- is changing and evolving social penetration theory (Altman Taylor, 1973). More specifically, the surveys are designed to determine if self-disclosure is happening more quickly in Facebook relationships. Altman and Taylor examine the stages of self-disclosure in social penetration theory and this study will determine if theRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory827 Words à |à 4 PagesFounder of the theory The founders of the theory were Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor. Altman is a distinguished professor of psychology at the University of Utah whereby Taylor is a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, Arlington. Altman and Taylor developed this theory to provide an understanding of the closeness between two individuals. Apparently, social penetration is defined as a process that moves a relationship from non-intimate to intimate. The theory states that thisRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory : Arizona Sate University1581 Words à |à 7 Pages Social Penetration Theory Conner Farquharson Arizona Sate University For a young child, telling a secret to the person he or she likes is a big deal. But the secrets that are told are minor, probably about a favorite item or candy. Not knowing at the time but social penetration theory is going on. Information about oneself is communicated to friends, loved ones, and acquaintances on a daily basis, sometimes without knowing we are revealing personal information. As weRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory : Crazy, Love1117 Words à |à 5 PagesMaggie Decena Professor McNelis September 22nd, 2017 Application of Social Penetration Theory The film Crazy, Stupid, Love depicts the dissolution of Cal Weaverââ¬â¢s once perfect life. High school sweethearts living in a suburban town with steady jobs and kids, Cal and his wife Emily share the illusion of a picture-perfect love story. However, when Emily reveals her act of adultery, she asks Cal for a divorce. Cal falls into a deep depression that leads him to bask in his sorrows at singles barsRead MoreAnalysis Of 500 Days Of Summer1714 Words à |à 7 Pagesimportant communication theory. In this paper, I would like to focus on the social penetration theory revealed in 500 Days of Summer. In this movie, some essential perspectives of penetration theory are revealed: depth and breadth of penetration, stages of the penetration theory, and verbal and non-verbal communication. In this essay, I am going to discuss these three characteristics revealed in the movie, 500 Days of Summer with my observations. First of all, depth and breadth of penetration is revealedRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory And The Theory981 Words à |à 4 Pages Social Penetration Theory Yunsik Jung Western Kentucky University Abstract Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor originally created the Social Penetration Theory and the theory deals with the ways in which relationships develop and progress. It explains how communication enriches the relationship of two or more individuals. The theory states that closeness develops if communication begins at relatively shallow non-intimate levels and moves in gradual and orderly fashion to deeper more personal levelsRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory By Irwin Altman And Dalmas1511 Words à |à 7 Pages Irwin Altman and Dalmas introduces Social Penetration theory in chapter 8 and they explain the theory as ââ¬Å"the idea that relationships become more intimate over time when partners disclose more and more information about themselvesâ⬠(Littlejhon, 2002). This paper will showcase social media and how it relates to how individuals self-disclose in social penetration theory. A short history of social media and the direction itââ¬â¢s headed will also be included. Facebook, a platform has become a phenomenonRead MoreThe Breakfast Club Movie Analysis1668 Words à |à 7 Pagesfirsthand. Throughout the movie, communication and the formation of relationships prove to be main focal points. Using concepts such as the Social Penetration Theory, the Uncertainty Reduction Theory, and the Turning Point Model, the famous movie The Breakfast Club successfully demonstrates the many forms of interpersonal communication and the stages of relationship development. The first theory exemplified in the film is the Social Penetration Theory. This theory, developed by Dalton and TaylorRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory ( Altman And Taylor s Theory882 Words à |à 4 Pages Social Penetration Theory Hermeet Kalsi, Ancheta Aaron, Millie, Stephanie, Lucà a Skinner Mission College ââ¬Æ' Social Penetration Theory (Altman and Taylorââ¬â¢s, 1973) The Social Penetration Theory interpersonal communication was proposed by the psychologists and theorists, Altman and Taylor in 1973, with the idea of offering an explanation for the closeness or intimacy that can develop between two people. ââ¬Å"The social penetration theory states that as relationships develop, communication Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-68514526013297635042020-05-06T07:58:00.001-07:002020-05-06T07:58:03.615-07:00American Dream Synthesis Free Essays Kyrie Staab Mrs. Wieseman Hon. English 10 Dec. We will write a custom essay sample on American Dream Synthesis or any similar topic only for you Order Now 18, 2012 Is Our American Dream Fading Away? The attainability and very existence of the American dream has been debated for many years. As the economy, politics, and social standings change, so do the expectations and beliefs about what the American dream should be and how one should go about achieving it. The main question involved in this debate is not so much whether the dream is alive or dead, but whether Americaââ¬â¢s dream can ever be fully realized. Even the most skeptic of men and women cannot deny that although the dream may be blurring around the edges, it is still very much alive in the minds and hearts of the people. For generations, the American dream has retained itââ¬â¢s basic definition: ââ¬Å"Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happinessâ⬠. Immigrants to America-at least in years past-cling to this dream, hoping to find a better, happier, more secure life. One woman tells the story of a Russian family coming to live in the US in a BBC news article in March of 2011: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ he American Dream meant liberty. But Isabel says it promised even more. ââ¬ËThe Dream is to work, to have a home, to get ahead, you can start as a janitor and become owner of the building. ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ For almost everyone, the dream has been the same. In the novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, the two main characters, Lennie and George, share the desire to have a home: a small, safe place to call their own. This same dream ha s pushed generations of men and women to work hard to reach their goals despite social and economic obstacles. In a Los Angeles Times article in 2011, Gregory Rodriguez says practically the same thing. ââ¬Å"The dream is the glue that keeps us all together. Itââ¬â¢s the vague promise that our lot will get better over time that gives us the patience to endure whatever indignities we suffer at the moment. â⬠In the novel, George especially encounters obstacles while trying to achieve both his and Lennieââ¬â¢s dream. However, the promise of a secure, happy, quiet life for himself and his friend encourages him to continue his work. Yes, it is unfortunately true that as time goes on, less and less people seem to believe that the American Dream is attainable. However, the reason for this may be because we have already achieved the original dream, but continue to expect more and more from a badly damaged economy. In the 60s Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. ââ¬â¢s expression of the American Dream emphasized universal equality and compassion, and racial equality within our own borders. In a lecture to college students in 1964, King states that ââ¬Å"If the American Dream is to be a reality we must develop a world perspective. He explains this by quoting John Donne and saying, ââ¬Å"No man is an island entire of itself every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the mainâ⬠¦ Any manââ¬â¢s death diminishes me, because I am involved in mankind. therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls, it tolls for thee. â⬠Looking at todayââ¬â¢s society, it would appear that this dream has, at least in pa rt, been achieved. All people have the opportunity to earn a home, happiness, and security. At this point, the only thing stopping people from achieving their dreams are themselves. In John Steinbeckââ¬â¢s essay ââ¬Å"Paradox and Dreamâ⬠he says that ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ we are a restless, a dissatisfied, a searching peopleâ⬠¦ we seem to be in a state of turmoil all the time, both physically and mentally. â⬠When Steinbeck goes on to say that the American Dream has very little to with reality in everyday life, he demonstrates how society prevents citizens from being satisfied when their dream is fulfilled. Is it possible that the expectations attached to the American Dream are unrealistic? Given todayââ¬â¢s economy, the standards and expectations people have assigned to the American Dream do make it more difficult to achieve. In Of Mice and Men, George and Lennieââ¬â¢s dream, though very simple and basic by todayââ¬â¢s standards, was unrealistic, given Lennieââ¬â¢s handicaps. Georgeââ¬â¢s dream is far more achievable with Lennie gone, even though Lennie is part of that dream. This example illustrates how the amount of effort one is willing to put into achieving their dream has changed. People today are not as willing to accept more realistic standards for their dreams. This is different even from just three years ago, when Katharine Q. Seelye said in her article ââ¬Å"What Happens to the American Dream in a Recession? â⬠that ââ¬Å"Even though their economic outlook is worse, more people are saying they have either achieved the dream or expect to do soâ⬠¦ â⬠She then quotes Barry Glassner, a professor of sociology: ââ¬Å"ââ¬ËYou want to hold on to your dream even more when times are hardâ⬠, he said. ââ¬ËAnd if you want to hold on to it, then you better define it differently. ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ In her article, Seelye states that ââ¬Å"people are shifting their definition of the American Dreamâ⬠¦ ewer people are pegging their dream to material success and more are pegging it to abstract values. â⬠If people today were to adopt this point of view, far many more citizens would achieve their dream. While standards and expectations change, the essential roots of the American Dream remain the same. The dream of having a prosperous, safe, happy life drives citizens to achieve more and improve themselves and the country. As long as these basic beliefs are held by even one citizen, the dream still lives. Works Cited Kay, Katty. ââ¬Å"What is todayââ¬â¢s American Dream?. BBC News U. S and Canada. (2011): n. page. Web. 12 Jan. 2013. . King, Dr. Martin Luther. ââ¬Å"The American Dream. â⬠Drew University, Madison, New Jersey. 5 Feb 1964. Lecture. Rodriguez, Gregory. ââ¬Å"The American Dream: Is it slipping away?. â⬠Los Angeles Times. (2010): n. page. Print. Seelye, Katharine. ââ¬Å"What Happens to the American Dream in a Recession?. â⬠(2009): n. page. Web. 12 Jan. 2013. Steinbeck, John. ââ¬Å"Paradox and Dream. â⬠Trans. Array Excerpts from ââ¬Å"Paradox and Dreamâ⬠. 1966. Print. Steinbeck, John. Of Mice and Men. Penguin Group, 1937. Print. How to cite American Dream Synthesis, Papers Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-91687916036858116862020-04-25T05:16:00.001-07:002020-04-25T05:16:03.066-07:00Essay on Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Essay ExampleEssay on Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Essay Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Introduction Basically, an enterprise architecture (EA) framework is a grand design that is employed when creating a system to augment customers, process or an organizationââ¬â¢s satisfaction. The concept includes various guidelines such as patterns, standards, rules, interfaces and policies that are typically incorporated when crafting a novel IT capability. Enterprise architecture framework is mostly designed to make certain the alignment between any business and its IT strategies, service deliveries, software development projects, guiding principles as well as operating model. By taking a universal enterprise wide outlook across business processes, services, technology, information and applications, enterprise architecture ensures that the business objectives and goals are holistically addressed across all application development ventures and their respective deployment into production. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-68512480073394271752020-03-18T02:31:00.001-07:002020-03-18T02:31:02.895-07:00Illegal ImmigrationIllegal Immigration Illegal Immigration Illegal Immigration is entering the United States without permission of the Authorities through permeable border points, overstaying the legal duration of a visa and admission by using fraudulent identity and/or documents. The Pew Hispanic Centre estimates that there are eleven million immigrants in America, six to seven million of whom came to the United States via illegal entry, mainly through the rural, mountainous and arid border of Arizona and Mexico. Estimates also show that between four to five million unauthorized migrants enter the United States with a legal visa but overstay accounting for between 3350% of the total population. Approximately 250,000 and 500,000 illegal immigrants gain admission through fraudulent use of identity and/or documents. With the enactment of Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) and other Federal or State laws in place, an unauthorized immigrant who enters or attempts to enter the United States illegally, uses, acquires, or produces fraudulent documents for immigration-related purposes may be subjected to Civil and Criminal penalties and denied certain immigration benefits, including the ability to enter or reside in the United States. Illegal immigrants in the United States represent a meaningful portion of the working population, despite laws and enforcement statutes designed to prevent the employment of unauthorized workers. The Federal Immigration Reform and Control Act (ICRA) of 1986 establishes a National Policy regarding the employment of undocumented immigrant workers and places considerable accountability on employers to verify an applicant's legitimate validity and to dismiss workers without status. Hoffman Plastic Caserecognized that the National Immigration Policy should limit unauthorized workers support. The logic was that an unauthorized immigrant who could not legally work should not be compensated in a lawsuit since it would be violating the law. Courts also found that immigration status and unauthorized work status do not bar a worker claiming compensation. They however, declined to extend the reasoning on Hoffman Plastic to different case solutions as it was for Catalan versus Vermillion Ranch Li mited Partnership where the court refused to enter a custodial order regarding the complainants immigration status. To curb on illegal immigration, an unauthorized worker program should be set up allowing illegal immigrants to go back to their original countries to get proper paperwork. Serious repercussions should be imposed on employers who engage illegal workers in jobs. Employers and State welfare workers should verify documentation through a database with access to current immigrant and visa information. Local law enforcement agencies should be given jurisdiction over illegal immigrants in the community. Comprehensive immigration policies should be reformed and enforced by securing the borders, enforcing all immigration laws, reforming the visa system and partnering with Latin America on key economic and reform initiatives for a better economy and interrelations with the neighboring countries. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-22591407867457219652020-03-01T18:16:00.001-08:002020-03-01T18:16:02.730-08:00Aquatic CommunitiesAquatic Communities Aquatic communities are the worlds major water habitats. Like land biomes, aquatic communities can also be subdivided based on common characteristics. Two common designations areà freshwater and marine communities. Freshwater Communities Rivers and Streams are bodies of water that continuously move in a single direction. Both are rapidly changing communities. The source of the river or stream usually differs significantly from the point at which the river or stream empties. A variety of plants and animals can be found in these freshwater communities, including trout, algae, cyanobacteria, fungi, and of course, various species of fish. Estuaries are the areas where freshwater streams or rivers meet the ocean. These highly productive regions contain widely diverse plant and animal life. The river or stream usually carries many nutrients from inland sources, making estuaries capable of supporting this rich diversity and high productivity. Estuaries are feeding and breeding grounds for a variety of animals, includingà waterfowl, reptiles, mammals, and amphibians. Lakes and Ponds are standing bodies of water. Many streams and rivers end in lakes and ponds. Phytoplankton are usually found in the upper layers. Because light is absorbed only to certain depths, photosynthesis is common only in the upper layers. Lakes and ponds also support a variety of plant and animal life, includingà small fish, brine shrimp, aquatic insects, and numerous plant species. Marine Communities Oceans cover approximately 70% of the earths surface. Marine communities are difficult to divide into distinct typesà but can be classified based on the degree of light penetration. The simplest classification consists of two distinct zones: the photic and aphotic zones. The photic zone is the light zone or area from the surface of the water to the depths at which the light intensity is only around 1 percent of that at the surface. Photosynthesis occurs in this zone. The vast majority of marine life exists in the photic zone. The aphotic zone is an area that receives little or no sunlight. The environment in this zone is extremely dark and cold. Organisms living in the aphotic zone are often bioluminescent or are extremophiles and adept at living in extreme environments. As with the other communities, a variety of organisms live in the ocean. Some includeà fungi, sponges, starfish, sea anemones, fish, crabs, dinoflagellates, green algae, marine mammals, and giant kelp. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-26384130166276718252020-02-14T09:43:00.001-08:002020-02-14T09:43:02.042-08:00Government 1 Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsGovernment 1 - Dissertation Example Thus, if I discover that the government might be monitoring my e-mail and internet security, I would not only reduce the information I reveal on the internet, but I would also reduce the frequency at which I make use of the internet and try other means of communication. Freedom of expression should be allowed on the internet and there should not be any restriction on this (Atallah, 2010). This is due the fact that the internet has now become the main medium that people air their views, hence telling people that there is a limit to the way they can express themselves is like a violation on their fundamental human right. However, when the issue of the restriction of freedom of expression arises, there would be serious problems on the types of expression that should be restricted. There would be no standard yardstick as to the kind of things that people should be expected to talk about on the internet. Thus, it is not in any way desirable to restrict freedom of expression in any instanc e as people should be free to say anything they like on the internet. Reference Atallah, M. (2010). Privacy Enhancing Technologies: 10th International Symposium, PETS 2010, July 21-23, 2010, Berlin, Germany, Proceedings. New York: Springer. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-82953873760159780332020-02-01T19:11:00.001-08:002020-02-01T19:11:03.445-08:00States with Stricter gun laws don't have a dramatic difference in gun Term PaperStates with Stricter gun laws don't have a dramatic difference in gun violence crimes compared to States with less laws - Term Paper Example Statistics have it that in the year 2010, the murdering of more than 358 people were carried out using rifles. A total of 6,009 people were killed by the use of handguns and others 1939 people were murdered by firearm. It is rather absurd to note that states with the highest increased gun ownership have the largest rates of violent crimes. More than thirty one states have implemented such laws commonly referred to as ââ¬Å"shall issue lawsâ⬠. These laws permit the adults to handle concealed handguns on condition that they do not have a criminal record or a bad history of vital mental illness (Stephen, 2000). This goes beyond odds to disapprove common sense that implies when most people carry guns the crimes involving guns will be greatly reduced. This can be looked at from the perspective that criminals are given huge penalties because a higher arrest and conviction of criminals reduces the rate of crime. This has been considered to imply that someone committing a crime will se ek the help of another person who is in a position to help him or her. Surprisingly there is a high negative relationship between the number of law ââ¬âabiding citizens who have permits and the number of crimes committed (Stephen, 2000). These occurrences are taken to imply that as more people get gun permits, the rate of crimes related to guns reduces greatly. It has also been observed that murder rates keep on reducing by 3 per cent , rape cases by 2 per cent and robberies by above 2 per cent for every year that handgun law has been in place (Dowlut, 2002). Violent crimes are believed to have reduced by concealed handgun mainly because they lower the occurrence of attempted crimes now that criminals are not sure which possible victims can safeguard them and also victims who poses guns can easily secure themselves at most times. Stricter laws are seen in Connecticut in terms of gun ownership than most states (Dowlut, 2002). Contrary Opinion Some recent studies by a pro-gun cont rol the San Francisco organization gives an opposite view with regards to the gun laws and the rates of crimes related to guns. The study has it that the firm restrictive laws as witnessed in California and Connecticut experience lower rates of gun-related killings while states with less restrictions on firearms have an increased rate. California was regarded as having the firmest laws on gun controls in the entire nation as per the Law Centre to Prevent Gun Violence which is behind the firearms regulation promotion. Connecticut comes fourth when it comes to states with the strongest gun laws and the impact was seen when it recorded the sixth -lowest gun deaths. States with less strict laws like Alaska, Louisiana and Montana recorded the highest number of deaths resulting from gunfire doubling the number witnessed in California. The federal Centres for Disease Control report had it that California experienced 7.88 gun deaths for every 100,000 residents in comparison with the 20.28 r ate in Alaska (Burton, 2010). Another research conducted by the University of Alabama at Birmingham on states in need Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-70112566456521562662020-01-24T15:35:00.001-08:002020-01-24T15:35:03.101-08:00Salt Pollution :: essays research papers Salt Pollution à à à à à As awareness for pollution increases, other forms of pollution are defined. Almost everyone knows about toxic waste and carbon dioxide pollution, but not many people have heard of salt pollution. Salt pollution has been on the increase since the evolution of the automobile. With more pressure on government agencies to keep the highway clear and safe, an increase in the use of salt has developed. It is important to understand why salt is used and how it work as well as the environmental effects to understand the salt pollution problem. à à à à à Salt is a necessary and accepted part of the winter environment. It provides safety and mobility for motorists, commercial vehicles and emergency vehicles. Salt is used as the principal deicer because it is the most available and cost-effective deicer. Rock salt is preferred because it is cheap and effective. It costs 20 dollars a ton where as an alternative like calcium magnesium cost around 700 dollars a ton. Some 10 million tons of deicing salt is used each year in the U.S. and about 3 million in Canada. à à à à à Salt is used to keep snow and ice from bonding to the pavement and to allow snowplows to remove. When salt is applied to ice and snow it creates a brine that has a lower freezing temperature than the surrounding ice or snow. Salt is the ideal deicing material because it is: à à à à à â⬠¢the least expensive deicer à à à à à â⬠¢easy to spread à à à à à â⬠¢easy to store and handle à à à à à â⬠¢readily available à à à à à â⬠¢non-toxic à à à à à â⬠¢harmless to skin and clothing à à à à à Salt pollution is broken into two main groups. Water, which includes the effects on ground water, surface water and aquatic life and land. à à à à à Most of the salt applied to the roadways eventually ends up in the ground water. It is estimated that 30% to 50% of the salt used travels into the ground water. Salt effect two areas of ground water, chloride concentration and sodium concentration. Chlorides may be present in the form of sodium chloride crystals or as a ion in a solution. Normal concentrations in the water are average around 10 mg/litre. Concentrations found in ground water near major highways have been recorded as high as 250 mg/litre which is around the threshold of taste. à à à à à The main factor with ground water pollution is the risk to human health. The raised level in sodium in water can cause high blood pressure and hypertension. With people who already suffer from these problem it is necessary to keep their salt intake relatively low, they should not drink water above 20 mg/liter. Although this is recommended, a study of private well water in Toronto showed that half the wells exceeded this limit, twenty percent exceeded Salt Pollution :: essays research papers Salt Pollution à à à à à As awareness for pollution increases, other forms of pollution are defined. Almost everyone knows about toxic waste and carbon dioxide pollution, but not many people have heard of salt pollution. Salt pollution has been on the increase since the evolution of the automobile. With more pressure on government agencies to keep the highway clear and safe, an increase in the use of salt has developed. It is important to understand why salt is used and how it work as well as the environmental effects to understand the salt pollution problem. à à à à à Salt is a necessary and accepted part of the winter environment. It provides safety and mobility for motorists, commercial vehicles and emergency vehicles. Salt is used as the principal deicer because it is the most available and cost-effective deicer. Rock salt is preferred because it is cheap and effective. It costs 20 dollars a ton where as an alternative like calcium magnesium cost around 700 dollars a ton. Some 10 million tons of deicing salt is used each year in the U.S. and about 3 million in Canada. à à à à à Salt is used to keep snow and ice from bonding to the pavement and to allow snowplows to remove. When salt is applied to ice and snow it creates a brine that has a lower freezing temperature than the surrounding ice or snow. Salt is the ideal deicing material because it is: à à à à à â⬠¢the least expensive deicer à à à à à â⬠¢easy to spread à à à à à â⬠¢easy to store and handle à à à à à â⬠¢readily available à à à à à â⬠¢non-toxic à à à à à â⬠¢harmless to skin and clothing à à à à à Salt pollution is broken into two main groups. Water, which includes the effects on ground water, surface water and aquatic life and land. à à à à à Most of the salt applied to the roadways eventually ends up in the ground water. It is estimated that 30% to 50% of the salt used travels into the ground water. Salt effect two areas of ground water, chloride concentration and sodium concentration. Chlorides may be present in the form of sodium chloride crystals or as a ion in a solution. Normal concentrations in the water are average around 10 mg/litre. Concentrations found in ground water near major highways have been recorded as high as 250 mg/litre which is around the threshold of taste. à à à à à The main factor with ground water pollution is the risk to human health. The raised level in sodium in water can cause high blood pressure and hypertension. With people who already suffer from these problem it is necessary to keep their salt intake relatively low, they should not drink water above 20 mg/liter. Although this is recommended, a study of private well water in Toronto showed that half the wells exceeded this limit, twenty percent exceeded Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-67083204170214216862020-01-16T11:59:00.001-08:002020-01-16T11:59:03.350-08:00Dangers of Refined SugarIn 1957, Dr. William Coda Martin tried to answer the question: When is a food a food and when is it a poison? His working definition of ââ¬Å"poisonâ⬠was: ââ¬Å"Medically: Any substance applied to the body, ingested or developed within the body, which causes or may cause disease. Physically: Any substance which inhibits the activity of a catalyst which is a minor substance, chemical or enzyme that activates a reaction. ââ¬Å"1 The dictionary gives an even broader definition for ââ¬Å"poisonâ⬠: ââ¬Å"to exert a harmful influence on, or to pervertâ⬠.Dr. Martin classified refined sugar as a poison because it has been depleted of its life forces, vitamins and minerals. ââ¬Å"What is left consists of pure, refined carbohydrates. The body cannot utilize this refined starch and carbohydrate unless the depleted proteins, vitamins and minerals are present. Nature supplies these elements in each plant in quantities sufficient to metabolize the carbohydrate in that particu lar plant. There is no excess for other added carbohydrates.Incomplete carbohydrate metabolism results in the formation of ââ¬Ëtoxic metabolite' such as pyruvic acid and abnormal sugars containing five carbon atoms. Pyruvic acid accumulates in the brain and nervous system and the abnormal sugars in the red blood cells. These toxic metabolites interfere with the respiration of the cells. They cannot get sufficient oxygen to survive and function normally. In time, some of the cells die. This interferes with the function of a part of the body and is the beginning of degenerative disease. ââ¬Å"2Refined sugar is lethal when ingested by humans because it provides only that which nutritionists describe as ââ¬Å"emptyâ⬠or ââ¬Å"nakedâ⬠calories. It lacks the natural minerals which are present in the sugar beet or cane. In addition, sugar is worse than nothing because it drains and leaches the body of precious vitamins and minerals through the demand its digestion, detoxifi cation and elimination makes upon one's entire system. So essential is balance to our bodies that we have many ways to provide against the sudden shock of a heavy intake of sugar.Minerals such as sodium (from salt), potassium and magnesium (from vegetables), and calcium (from the bones) are mobilized and used in chemical transmutation; neutral acids are produced which attempt to return the acid-alkaline balance factor of the blood to a more normal state. Recommended Reading: â⬠¢The Health Dangers of Refined Sugar â⬠¢7 Reasons Why Stevia is Better Than Refined Sugar â⬠¢5 Health Dangers of High Fructose Corn Syrup Sugar taken every day produces a continuously overacid condition, and more and more minerals are required from deep in the body in the attempt to rectify the imbalance.Finally, in order to protect the blood, so much calcium is taken from the bones and teeth that decay and general weakening begin. Excess sugar eventually affects every organ in the body. Initially, it is stored in the liver in the form of glucose (glycogen). Since the liver's capacity is limited, a daily intake of refined sugar (above the required amount of natural sugar) soon makes the liver expand like a balloon. When the liver is filled to its maximum capacity, the excess glycogen is returned to the blood in the form of fatty acids.These are taken to every part of the body and stored in the most inactive areas: the belly, the buttocks, the breasts and the thighs. When these comparatively harmless places are completely filled, fatty acids are then distributed among active organs, such as the heart and kidneys. These begin to slow down; finally their tissues degenerate and turn to fat. The whole body is affected by their reduced ability, and abnormal blood pressure is created. The parasympathetic nervous system is affected; and organs governed by it, such as the small brain, become inactive or paralyzed. Normal brain function is rarely thought of as being as biologic as dige stion. ) The circulatory and lymphatic systems are invaded, and the quality of the red corpuscles starts to change. An overabundance of white cells occurs, and the creation of tissue becomes slower. Our body's tolerance and immunizing power becomes more limited, so we cannot respond properly to extreme attacks, whether they be cold, heat, mosquitoes or microbes. Excessive sugar has a strong mal-effect on the functioning of the brain.The key to orderly brain function is glutamic acid, a vital compound found in many vegetables. The B vitamins play a major role in dividing glutamic acid into antagonistic-complementary compounds which produce a ââ¬Å"proceedâ⬠or ââ¬Å"controlâ⬠response in the brain. B vitamins are also manufactured by symbiotic bacteria which live in our intestines. When refined sugar is taken daily, these bacteria wither and die, and our stock of B vitamins gets very low. Too much sugar makes one sleepy; our ability to calculate and remember is lost. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-9025396829996606152020-01-08T08:21:00.001-08:002020-01-08T08:21:04.210-08:00Porters 5 Forces for Del Monte India - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 897 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/12 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Company name: Field Fresh Pvt. Ltd. (Del Monte Foods) SBU: Processed foods beverages Strategic group: Nestle (Maggi), HUL (Kissan), Dabur (Real) Industry Analysis: A. Bargaining Power of Suppliers-Low * Switching costs- low * Differentiation of inputs- low * Threat of forward integration- high * Supplier concentration- low The Porterââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Five Forcesâ⬠framework for packaged food beverage industry analysis Bargaining Power of Buyers- Low * Buyer concentration: less * Buyer Volume: low * Switching cost: low * Brand identity: strong * Ability to backward integrate: less Threat of Potential Substitutes- High * Price performance differentiation: low * Switching cost: low * Buyer propensity to substitute: high Threat of New Entrants- Medium * Brand Identity: strong * Switching costs: low * Access to distribution: tough * Proprietary product differences: low * Capital requirements: High * Access to necessary inputs: Tough Industry competitors Degree of Rivalry- High * Industry is expected to grow at CAGR of 9% * Brand identity: Strong * Switching costs: low * Product differences: low * Diversity of Competitors: high B. Key Success Factors: a) Distribution-related KSFs: * A large network of distributors Efficient and responsive supply chain * Efficient usage of Retailer shelf space as Display * Trustworthy relationship with retailers b) Marketing-related KSFs: * Top of the mind brand recall * Motivated Sales team trained in having good product knowledge * Point of Sale advertising * Special offers and bulk buy deals for retailers * Attractive and strong product packaging c) Other types of KSFs: * High product quality standards in norm with food standards and guidelines * Product innovation capabilities with respect to new product launch and time to market C. Industryââ¬â¢s Dominant Features: * Market size and growth rate Number of rivals: In certain product categories, such as, ketchup and sauces, the industry is dominated by a few large companies with national presence but overall it is fragmented into many small and regional companies. * Number of buyers: Market demand is fragmented among several buyers across the country and hence buyers do not enjoy much of bargaining power * Degree of product differentiation: Product of other companies is less differentiated leading to heightened price competition. * Product Innovation: Development of new and differentiated products is important D. Industry Driving Forces: * Booming modern retail Increasing globalisation of industry leading to several foreign companies foraying into India * Changes in consumer behaviour ma rked by increased health consciousness and adoption of urban and outgoing lifestyle * Burgeoning middle class with increased purchasing power SWOT StrengthReputed and trusted International BrandEntry in India with Bharti, a well-known brandHuge investment potentialHigh quality of products| Weakness Presently sales volume is too low, so difficult to retain distributors, and get new ones. Products are not available in sachets and tetra packs (lower priced), hence people put off. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Porters 5 Forces for Del Monte India" essay for you Create order There are packaging issues with juices (Metal Cans)High credit period handicaps distributors. | OpportunityImmense market potential in India Increasing Income level of peoplePeople are slowly developing taste of canned juices which is good for companyPeople are liking the taste of companyââ¬â¢s ketchup with its unique flavorsVery less competition for few products like fruit cock tail, fruit slices etc| ThreatWith more and more players entering into market, the competition has made it a price war with very low margins. Distributor confidence is very low as the products do not move as fast as competitors. Due to high credit period given to retailers, Distributor money is blocked causing them to lose interest and thus motivation to promote products on their own| Building Competitive Advantage: Resource-based view The company derives its competitive advantage from the valuable resources it has. The biggest resource that the Co is leveraging is the global product range and brand identity of Del Monte and the backing of Indian partner Bharti Enterprises further add to the credibility of the Brand in India which differentiates it from its competitors. 1. Threat to Sustainability Imitation- Local importers are importing foreign products in the same space and climbing the peak that has started flattening because of heightened competition. * Substitution- Several companies which are hitherto in contract manufacturing are forward integrating and displacing the companyââ¬â¢s business model of importing Del Monte products and marketing in India. Private labels of retailer are yet another thre at to sustainability. * Hold-up- Tremendous amount of added value created is lost to retailers and the distributors as the Brand Del Monte is newly launched in India and it doesnââ¬â¢t enjoy much of bargaining power. The company has to give special offers to both the distributors and the retailers to stock the companyââ¬â¢s products which eat into the value created. * Slack- Lack of performance-based pay leaves the companyââ¬â¢s sales men less motivated to maximize the sales. Secondly, frequent defects in the product packaging leads to sales return causing dead stock that dissipates the added value. 2. Strategic challenges facing the company * Pan India penetration- India has a huge market potential but there is cut throat competition and price war between major FMCG players. To reach across the length and breadth of country is a formidable task in front of company. * Creating Brand awareness- Top of the mind recall for Del Monte products is still low in India despite the promotions carried out by the Co. * Building long-term relationships with the distributors and retailers- As the Co. is new in India its products are not as fast moving as its competitors leading to delayed payments from retailers to distributors and at times the payments due even go bad debt leaving the distributor in the distressed state. Thus, many dealers leave the dealership causing the disruption in the supply chain. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-52007975707862155142019-12-31T04:47:00.001-08:002019-12-31T04:47:02.888-08:00Copyright Law Case Study - 2640 Words Music Business Music Technology amp; Production Year 3 K00121700 Case Study Ronan Mitchell Abstract Copyright Law is an important entity within the music industry. It protects the owner of authorship from infringement. Infringement arises when the copyright ownerââ¬â¢s work is used without their consent. Although sounds cannot be copyrighted, some cases have shown that the argument of copyrighting oneââ¬â¢s voice can sometimes hold weight in a court of law. Singer Tom Waits sued snack manufacturer Frito Lay for hiring a singer to impersonate him in an advert. Mr. Waits felt that his artistic copyright had been infringed upon. Frito Layââ¬â¢s defense argued that a voice cannot be protected by copyright law as it is a sound andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Tracy-Locke, Frito Layââ¬â¢s advertising agent, approached Tom Waits about using is his song ââ¬Å"Step Right Upâ⬠in an advert for RioSalsa Doritos. They put together a version of the song which featured new lyrics relevant to the product and played this for Waits. Tom Waits refused outright as he is vehemently opposed using his music to sell products. It was interesting that they chose that particular song, as the lyrics are a satirical indictment of advertising. The song features advertising slogans used sarcastically to describe a product that supposedly does everything from ââ¬Å"shine your carâ⬠to ââ¬Å"make you six foot five, blonde and beautifulâ⬠. (Jacobs, 2000) When he refused, the Tracy-Locke company then hired a singer to impersonate Tom Waits style of sing over a song that bared a lot of similarities the Waits ââ¬Å"Step Right Upâ⬠. Tom Waits took legal action and sued for voice misappropriation and false endorsement. (Roesler, 1992) As the lyrics for the song were altered to suit the ad, Waits literary copyright was unaffected. The literary copyright pertains to a work of words which are written, spoken or sung. This work does not specifically need to be written down for the copyright to apply. A recording of such work holds the same right as literary work that is written or printed. Written musical notation also falls under this subsection regardless if it is written down, printed or recorded. (Neff, 2012) As forShow MoreRelatedThe M Records, Inc. V. Napster1439 Words à |à 6 PagesThe purpose of the copyright system has always been to promote creativity in society and protect the creatorsââ¬â¢ interests. In applying copyright laws to any creation, three basic guidelines apply. First is the fair return for a creators labor, second is ââ¬Å"Fair Useâ⬠of the creatorsââ¬â¢ labor and finally the Progress of Science and useful Arts to further the public good. The application of these three guidelines in litigation for AM Records, Inc. v. Napster, found that the rights of reproduction, and distributionRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Copyright System1485 Words à |à 6 PagesThe purpose of the copyright system has always been to promote creativity in society and protect the creatorââ¬â¢s interests. In applying copyright laws to any creation, three basic guidelines apply. First is the fair return for a creatorââ¬â¢s labor, second is ââ¬Å"Fair Useâ⬠of the creatorââ¬â ¢s labor and finally the Progress of Science and useful Arts to further the public good. The application of these three guidelines in litigation for AM Records, Inc. vs. Napster, found that the rights of reproduction, andRead MoreThe Intellectual Property Rights Of The North American Country856 Words à |à 4 Pagesintellect, which is often protected by law, in order to safeguard its use from another person. The possession of such kind of property generates limited monopoly in the safeguarded property. Intellectual property can be subdivided into copyrights, patents, trademark and trade secrets (Intellectual Property Rights, 2014). The law protects the Intellectual Property so that the people who created and invented the property can get appreciation and even in some cases monetary benefits from what they createdRead MoreA Brief Note On Fair Dealing And Fair Use1011 Words à |à 5 Pagesthroughout copyright literature is the comparison between ââ¬Ëfair dealingââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëfair use. These provisions allow for additional rights to be awarded to users for educational or research purposes. Their meaning and scope are defined by different legal systems, thus are not synonymous terms. ââ¬ËFair dealingââ¬â¢ is a legal term pertaining to common law jurisdictions. It is used to establish whether the use of a copyright material is lawful or whether it infringes copyright. With research or private study as a centralRead MoreThe Napster and Grokster Cases: Differences and Similarities891 Words à |à 4 Pageslegal cases in regards to copyright laws in cyberspace. These two cases are similar in nature, ye t decidedly different. In order to understand the differences and similarities, one should have an understanding of each case as well as the courtââ¬â¢s ruling. According to the text A Gift of Fire, Napster ââ¬Å"opened on the Web in 1999 as a service that allowed its users to copy songs in MP3 files from the hard disks of other usersâ⬠(Baase, 2013, p. 192, Section 4.1.6 Sharing Music: The Napster Case). NapsterRead MoreUp Front Assessment : Under Current Copyright Law Essay961 Words à |à 4 PagesFront Assessment: Under current copyright law, since Mr. Emerson co-created ASHLEY. Therefore, he has joint copyright ownership of ASHLEY unless a specific written agreement was attained by the professor assigning all rights to the professor. Assuming, Mr. Emerson was not a paid employee of the professor, then a work for hire claim cannot be made. Issue(s): Applicable Copyright Law/ Case Law: â⬠¢ 17 U.S.C. à § 201(a) ââ¬Å"â⬠¦The authors of a joint work are co-owners of copyright in the work.â⬠â⬠¢ 17 U.S.C. à §Read MoreEssay about The Digital Millennium Copyright Act1449 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Digital Millennium Copyright Act Signed into law by President Clinton on October 28, 1998, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) was the foundation of an effort by Congress to implement United States treaty obligations and to move the nations copyright law into the digital age. (Executive Summary DMCA Report) While this seems a valid description of the law, perhaps a more accurate interpretation lies in the following statement: The DMCA is a piece of legislation rushed throughRead MorePiracy, The Intellectual Property Rights Of The Recording Industry Association Of America1285 Words à |à 6 Pages 1 Piracy is defined as illegally acquiring a private property, in this case, music, without paying for it. Piracy, therefore, violates the intellectual property rights of the recording companies, together called Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The intellectual property right being violated at hand is the copyright laws that the RIAA have. The biggest problem that the RIAA has with this violation is that they believe their sales are declining because of piracy. In fact, theRead MoreThe Issue Of Unauthorized Downloading And Piracy1259 Words à |à 6 PagesCopyright policies have always been an issue throughout history, with the advancement in technology digital piracy being a fairly new phenomenon has made it necessary to reevaluate and update copyright policies to the 21st century. When comparing the Canadian and US copy right and piracy laws it is evident that although there are similarities and differences, the Canadian approach proves to be effective at protecting the owners of the works in the issue of unauthorized downloading and piracy. ItRead MoreCase Study : Copyright And Intellectual Property Consideration849 Words à |à 4 Pages Introduction: After I read three interesting cases, I have decided to select case study 3 ââ¬â Copyright and intellectual property consideration as my chosen for assignment 1. The background of this case study 3 is: Isabelle is a quite good programmer in developing software, who is working in a small company, and her manager is Phillip. Recently, Isabelle develops a new user interface for remote aboriginal communities, and the new system wins a great success. Isabelleââ¬â¢s host company rewarded her Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-50146417063661182302019-12-23T00:34:00.001-08:002019-12-23T00:34:02.716-08:00Essay on What Is The Bible - 1919 Words The Bible is the most significant book in the history of civilization. In the context of Jewish history, the Bibleââ¬â¢s impact on politics, history, and religion is without comparison. Along with establishing the covenant-based legitimacy of the Jewish people and their history, the Bibleââ¬â¢s political impact is exemplified through prophetic politics, the power of kings, and the effects of political authority. Biblical archeology has discovered biblical structures which supports the historical validity of the Bible. The Bibleââ¬â¢s effect on history, politics, and religion has shaped the world we live in today. In order to comprehend the level of significance the Bible represents, one must systematically break down the structure of the Bible.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The development and destiny of the Jewish people emerged in the book of Genesis. According to Tony Faheyââ¬â¢s (Fahey 1982: 64) analysis of Max Weberââ¬â¢s Ancient Jerusalem, ââ¬Å"The covenan t conception argued by Weber as the initial great uniqueness of Israelite religiosity and political organization.â⬠The uniqueness of the covenant conception regarding Abraham is exemplified in the first book of the Bible (Genesis. 15:18 New International Version); On that day the LORD made a covenant with Abram, saying, ââ¬Å"To your offspring I give this land, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the river Euphrates, 19 the land of the Kenites, the Kenizzites, the Kadmonites, 20 the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Rephaim, 21 the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Girgashites and the Jebusites. Godââ¬â¢s covenant with Abraham displays the ââ¬Å"choosinessâ⬠of his people in relation to Abraham and his offspring. The land from the river of Egypt to the river Euphrates depicts Israel as the Promise Land handed directly to Abrahamââ¬â¢s offspring from the covenant he made with God. Judaismââ¬â¢s direct correlation with God through Abraham and the Promise Land is seen through this covenant. The Bible connects God and his Chosen People through Genesis legitimizing the notion that Jews are in fact Godââ¬â¢s Chosen People. Alongside Genesis, the second book of the Old Testament, Exodus, is seen as one of the most important books relating to Judaism. Exodus tells the story ofShow MoreRelatedEssay about What is the Bible?1029 Words à |à 5 PagesWHAT IS THE BIBLE? What is the 1 What is the Bible? This paper will define the Bible and examine itââ¬â¢s origin, inerrancy, purpose, and power. The reasons for studying the Bible will also be discussed along with scriptures and historical data. The fact that the Bible has stood the test of time and has not been destroyed, even thoughRead MoreWhat Makes The Bible Into Theology?849 Words à |à 4 Pages(Detweiler, 1985). The particular qualities of biblical literature which become canon are what makes the Bible into theology (Stordalen, 2007). The word ââ¬Å"canonâ⬠is an ancient Semitic word that, in ancient times, had come to be thought of as a standard or rule for faith and life. The books of the Old and New Testaments have long been considered canon, or ââ¬Å"divine writingsâ⬠(ââ¬Å"Lecture 2,â⬠2015). Canonization of the Bible was a varied process that occurred over a very long span of time and involved many differentRead MoreWhat Does The Bible Mean?1553 Words à |à 7 PagesOur worship, our clapping real hard, and even our believing in God does not make Him more or less of who He is. So what is worship then? Is it music? Singing songs to a divine being? Is it taking part in the sacraments of the Christian church? Why are there numerous disputes or differences of opinions about ââ¬Å"howâ⬠to worship? The word worship itself is labeled as a noun and is defined as the feeling or expression of reverence and adoration for a deity. But if a biblical definition of worship isRead MoreWhat Does Bible Say About The Bible Point Of View?925 Words à |à 4 PagesBible, is one of the oldest and most widely distributed books in the world. At least part of it has been translated into more than 2,300 languages. Over 90 percent of earthââ¬â¢s inhabitants have it available in their n ative tongue. Millions of people read a portion of the Bible every day. Some have read it from cover to cover many times. Thousands of religious groups claim to base their teachings on the Bible, but they do not agree on what it teaches. Adding to the confusion are the strong disagreementsRead MoreWhat Does The Bible Say About Abortion? Essay954 Words à |à 4 Pagesââ¬Å"Abortion On Demand and Without Apology!â⬠is the current mantra of those who support abortion. They are most often labeled pro-choice. ââ¬Å"Stop Abortion Now!â⬠is the mantra of those who oppose it. They are most often labeled pro-life. What does the Bible say about abortion? The Bible does reveal Godââ¬â¢s position on this issue. As Christians, we must turn to Scripture for the answers to the questions surrounding abortion and make them know to the world around us. In his article, Christian Worldview DevelopmentRead MoreWhat Does The Bible Say About Entertainment?2159 Words à |à 9 Pageswhatever catches their eyes. Sometimes what our eyes see can be totally harmless, but other times what we intake can have really drastic effects to our souls and minds whether we realize it or not. Entertainment and the atrocity that it can have, is like a bed bug infestation taking over your room. The bugs come in little by little, not realizing that they are taking over in your room, only to realize that they have increasingly multiplied. Little by little, thatââ¬â¢s what entertainment does, if we let itRead MoreAnalytical Argument: What Deserves to Belong in The American Bible?1110 Words à |à 4 PagesWhat rightfully belongs in Stephen Protheroââ¬â¢s anthology? Creating an anthology is complicated because the author has to find texts that fit in to a specific topic of emphasis he wants for his book. The author might have specific principles he woul d like to address to tie together one single idea for the book. Prothero had many novels and books to choose from and I think he did a great job in choosing works of writing that merged with his principles about America. Based on what I have seen is hisRead MoreExplain what is meant in the Bible by the phrase God is good.1974 Words à |à 8 Pagesï » ¿A) Explain what is meant in the Bible by the phrase ââ¬Å"God is good.â⬠Many worshippers of God like to believe that he is intrinsically good; this means that he is good in himself. People try to argue this by the Bible and through many things in the Bible such as the 10 commandments and the creation of the universe as well as the many miracles of the Saints. God is seen to act morally good as he creates a world which is seen to be good, therefore he must be. ââ¬Å"God saw that it was good, and it wasRead MoreEssay about Bad Girls Of The Bible and What We Can Learn from Them1160 Words à |à 5 PagesGirls of the Bible and What We Can Learn from Them. Colorado Springs, Colorado: WaterBrook Press, 1999. In her book Bad Girls of the Bible and What We Can Learn from Them, Liz Curtis Higgs delivers fictionalized, modern stories based on the lives of biblical women. She writes her book in a self-help format so that her readers can relate and compare their lives to the lives of several different biblical women. Higgs hopes that by pointing out flaws and corruption of women in the Bible, it will showRead MoreWhat Are Some Methodological Issues Scholars Encounter Studying The Hebrew Bible And The Histories Of Ancient Israel?711 Words à |à 3 Pages1. What are some methodological issues scholars encounter studying the Hebrew Bible and the histories of ancient Israel? There are so many different variations of the same text that the story cannot be aligned with assurance for some scholars. There are different perspectives regarding the same stories in history, therefore they have been separated into their own collections of literature; such as canonization and biblical text recognized by different sects. Not all of the Hebrew Bible was written Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-26621201288739869292019-12-14T21:02:00.001-08:002019-12-14T21:02:05.862-08:00New Mexicoââ¬â¢s Border Issues Free Essays Illegal immigration refers to the immigration of people across national border without visa or valid documents. The illegal immigration give rise to a larger set of social issues in areas, such as economy, social welfare, education and health, smuggling and crime. The international border between United States and Mexico runs for about 3,141 km which is frequently crossed over by countless illegal immigrants from Mexico. We will write a custom essay sample on New Mexicoââ¬â¢s Border Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now The reason for these illegal crossings is the difference in living standards and wages in US and Mexico. Even though there large group of border patrol personnelââ¬â¢s guarding the border, alien immigrants can still sneak in through various locations due to lack of funds and consistent patrol in the area. .According to an estimate over a million people who cross over to US, 45 percent end up inà becoming agricultural labors in various US states. The economic and social costs of illegal immigration are enormous. It is estimated that about 10,000 illegal aliens cross into US every day with annual figure reaching toà of 3 million. A third of these immigrants are caught and returned to their home country; while half of them become US residents permanently.à About 9 to 11 millions illegal immigrants reside in US at present. Due to the acceptance of low wages by illegal immigrants in New Mexico and other states, about1.8 million native workers suffer loosing not only their wages, but also jobs raising the cost of state welfare to US$ 15 billion annually. According to the National Academy of Sciences it costs $89000 to pay for an alien immigrants during his lifetime stay in US. However its not only the loss of job or revenue, but 80 percent of cocaine and 50 percent of heroin in US is smuggled through new Mexico borders by these illegal immigrants. The illegal immigrants cost billions of dollars every year to the American taxpayers; especially the free treatment offered to illegal aliens. Due to which many hospitals New Mexico, Arizona and California has been closed down. The total economic cost of illegal immigrants is estimated to in between 67$ to $87 billion. Sinceà 1986 US has embarked efforts to restrict illegal immigration with the arrival of Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) which expanded the funding for the US border patrol. Between 1986 and 1996, Congress and President took a series of restrictive actions to regain the control of US and Mexico border. However despite these measure and IRCA act, both legal and illegal immigration continued to rise. The federal government in 1993 initiated another plan to install more officers at the border. These plans have fundamental weakness due to less defended border at many areas. For example when mobilization of forces was activated in El Paso and San Diego, the flow of migrants turned to Arizona and Texas creating new problems in these states. The push by US authorities pushed the immigrants to cross over from more remote deserts and mountains and rivers where its much more hard for border patrol to capture them. Another loss has been the higher rate of injury and death that also accelerated the cost of spending on already poor counties in New Mexico and border states. Even though the Border Patrol budget has been increased 10 times between 1986 and 2002, but the arrival of immigrants has also risen. In 2005, New Mexico declared emergency due to the rise in drug smuggling, kidnapping and murder in the state. The State governor criticized the federal government and Congress by mentioning total lack of support from the Border Patrol.à In recent days the illegal immigrant issue has become a national debate with politicians on both sides favoring and disfavoring the issue due to their own vested interests. There have been suggestions to construct fence, wall, and deployment of more Border Patrol agents to address the cross border issue. In reality the problem is much bigger than it seems. Constructing a few miles wall or fence will not bring any change, unless realistic approach is taken to tackle the issue. Even after the constructions of fence in San Diego the flow of immigrants increased; as fence provides an excuse for Border Patrol to be less careful Analyst believe that US polices have failed to produce any result. A new approach is needed to address the issue. The solution to the problem lies in the undocumented migration, which if made legal can proveà more productive.à Under the current immigration law, all countries have same quota of 20,000 thousand legal immigrants per year; which is same for the Mexico, the closest US neighbor.à à A more realistic policy would be toà provide temporary visas, (which President Bush has recently announced), however greater emphasis should be paid to the Mexicans; as Mexico is the major part of the problem. Reference CNN, (August 13, 2005). Border emergency declared in New Mexico. Retrieved February 8, 2007, Web site: http://www.cnn.com/2005/US/08/12/newmexico/ 2.à à à à à Economic Cost of Illegal migration. Retrieved February 8, 2007, Web site: http://www.cairco.org/econ/econ.html 3.à à à à à Douglas S. Massey, Beyond the Border Buildup. Retrieved February 8, 2007, Web site: www.ailf.org 4.à à à à à Fencing in Failure. Retrieved February 8, 2007, Web site: http://www.ailf.org/ipc 5.à à à à à America Org, Illegal immigration a ââ¬Ëreal issueââ¬â¢. Retrieved February 8, 2007, Web site: http://www.americas.org/ à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à How to cite New Mexicoââ¬â¢s Border Issues, Essay examples Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-13174886603735256222019-12-06T17:26:00.001-08:002019-12-06T17:26:04.106-08:00Neighborhoods and Deliquence free essay sample How does one know for sure whether or not their family is being brought up in the right type of environment? An abundance of people raise their children in neighborhoods where the youth may be pressured and lured into situations that can generally lead to only problems and complications. There is not necessarily one right answer to prevent this from happening. It is not as simple as keeping adolescents from getting into bad situations by locking them up a closet their entire lives; however, there can be other ways to approach and deal with these ypes of issues involving Juvenile delinquency. Nowadays, the area in which a person lives and raises their families, may have a significant amount to do with the circumstances in which their kids get involved with gang affiliation, drugs and committing violent acts. To begin, there are numerous places where which gangs or gang affiliation is present, yet there are certain areas in which gangs are more apparent. We will write a custom essay sample on Neighborhoods and Deliquence or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, according to an article from SF gate, A 1 5-year-old boy has been charged with murder in the slaying of another teenager near a troubled Oakland apartment omplex, authorities said Tuesday The slaying happened in a neighborhood where two buildings had recently been condemned because of code violations and fears of imminent gang activity, and police suspect that Erik and his killer were members of rival gangs. (SF Gate). Henry Lee who wrote this article gives a perfect example of how many young teens are getting into gangs. This shooting happened in Oakland were a lot of violence goes on, because low income families live in the bad neighborhoods their children grow up with many bad influences around them. Another example is, in reference to this article from SF Gate, The action came a week atter police noticed that nearby buildings were covered with gang graffiti a gang members had punched holes through the walls of the complex as an escape route, apparently girding for a possible attack, authorities said. Rival gang members then sprayed over the graffiti, police said. (SF Gate). This article is mainly about how a young child gunned down rival gang members, but analyzing this more thoroughly it states how children are getting into gangs at a young age because of the neighborhoods they are growing in. Young children are getting into gangs and committing violent acts because of the neighborhood they are growing up in. Furthermore, drugs are another influence that children of a young age are getting into because of the neighborhoods they are growing up in. For example, from an article of World Youth Report, The use of alcohol and illegal drugs by Juveniles is one cause of delinquency, as they are often compelled to commit crimes (usually theft) to obtain the cash needed to support their substance use. Drugs play a huge role in when it comes to Juvenile delinquency because young children get into them. The reason for that is because of the neighborhood the child grows up to. A good comparison is a child growing up in Oakland compared to a child growing up in Marin. In Marin one doesnt see children drug dealing at the corner compared to Oakland were things like that do happen and children are involved. Another example from the article of World Youth Report, Many young people retreat i nto the confines of their own groups and resort to drug use for psychological or emotional escape. Drugs can also be used as a getaway drug because of problems they might be having ut it wouldnt be a problem if the children were being raised in the right type of environment. Drugs have a big influence on children when growing up in a bad neighborhood. Finally, there is the issue of violence amongst youth. Violence is also a huge issue around the world, but is more generally seen in conflicted neighborhoods. An example from an article of World Youth Report, Quite often, advantage is being taken of illegal opportunities as young people commit various offences, become addicted to drugs, and use violence against their peers. Violent acts that children do at a young ge because of the neighborhoods they grow up in. Many kids do more violent acts because they are in gangs and required to or because of anger. Children doing violent acts do them because of the life style they grow up in. Back to the article form SF gate where the fifth teen year old teen shot and killed a rival gang member. Being that young and already murdering someone is a problem in our society because kids that age should be in a gang or exposed to all that violence. Many gang members recruit small children so they can get them to commit violent acts and they wont be trailed as adults. Another example from the article of World Youth Report, Some groups and subcultures tend to use violence as a means of solving interpersonal conflicts, and the atmosphere thus created is an important mediating factor contributing to delinquent or criminal behavior. Violence can also be interpret as solving problems with their fists, these ways of solutions are used by many kids and they get it from the neighborhood they are growing up in. Violence is a major influence on children because of the neighborhood they are growing up in. To reiterate, there are many reasons tor why children can be driven to Juvenile elinquencies but the main reason is neighborhoods because of gangs, drugs and violence. Children when growing up in bad neighborhoods are exposed to many things because gangs, drugs and violence are in bad neighborhoods. Many children move into more and more bad neighborhoods and are being exposed to gangs, drugs and violence. There are some solutions that we can approach to stop kids from getting involved in these bad influences. One solution is providing programs like the Big Brother Big Sister program to have a role model to guide them down the right path. Another solution is reducing the gangs in neighborhoods and getting them off he streets. If we were able to develop a program were low income families can be located to good neighborhoods and have an agreement to live their instead of a bad neighborhood that would fix the problem. Though there are many solutions making them come true is a different story but there are many programs out there that provide kids with the help and attention they need. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-50733531118396643032019-11-29T05:28:00.001-08:002019-11-29T05:28:03.996-08:00Abstract Electronic free essay sample Arts or better known yet as (EAI) is known as one of the biggest gaming development companies still around today. Electronic Arts is the organization in which develops markets and distributes the so called EAI games. The man behind Electronic Arts Inc is Trip Hawkins who hired designers and programmers to develop EAI games as early as 1982. During that time, the company developed only home computing games that laid the foundation of todays EAI games which include the Battlefield series and Need for Speed. EAI essentially had a smooth run to become a successful video game business compared to other companies such as Activation who struggled in the beginning. EAI today is still one of the biggest successful gaming companies out today nearing 5 billion USED in revenue with the help of their EAI sports division which has a huge fan base and also their Battle Field franchise which was a huge success also helped acquire their income. We will write a custom essay sample on Abstract Electronic or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Activation Inc, one of the most famous game development companies alongside EAI was founded in 1979 by Howard Marks. In 1983 Activation capitalized on its gratitude by going public. Yet suffering, elated to the fate suffered by Atari was unfortunately down the road. Resulting the old saying of beating the competition by Joining it, Activation acquired Inform in 1987. By the beginning of the asses, the Activation name was about to be revived. For fiscal year 1999 Activation was indeed on a roll with year-end revenues rocketing 40 percent to $436. 5 million, with net income leaping to $15. 3 million from the previous years $5. 1 million, a whopping 197 percent increase which is a huge accomplishment for them. North American operations in 1999 amplified from the previous fiscal years 4 percent to 34 percent of revenues while international revenues fell faintly from assess 71 percent to assess 66 percent. Activation today still remains in top shape with its current revenue nearing USED 5 billion dollars with the help of one of their biggest franchises the Call Of Duty Series. 1) How might SOOT analysis have helped Electronic Arts assess its slippage in the video-game market? The way in which EAI could have used SOOT analysis is by going step by step and going over the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Strengths: If EAI utilized their strengths and used it against the competition sugarless of how much more successful they are to the other companies they would ultimately not of had the drop in which they countered. To succeed in the video game industries one must listen to the gamers, accept feedback and learn from their mistakes. When companies act in ways that consumers do not approve of numbers will show and the news will more or less be bad news. Weaknesses: EAI should evaluate its weaknesses to overcome them. When a company recognizes whats not working to contribute the company it should be revised and fixed. If weaknesses are present and known and not acted upon that will essentially dead too non-successful business. Opportunities: E s opportunities should almost always be assessed and thought through. With being a big game developing company their opportunities should always be to make the greatest game possible thats better than the competition and gain fan loyalty towards electronic arts produced games like franchises such as Battle Field which is one of the greatest first person shooters ever created and has a great fan base. Threats: Seas biggest threat at the time and also present time is Activation. When overlooking threats EAI shouldve looked at how will we (EAI) create a game bigger and utter than our competition to gain fan loyalty and ultimately build a great game that will be played for years to come 2) How might Porters generic strategies theory help to explain why Electronic Arts lost its leadership in the video game market to Activation Blizzard? EAI Games directly competes with several different competitors but one in particular is Activation Blizzard Entertainment. Rivalry intensifies among these firms because many employ new ideas to appeal to different segments and boost market standing in these areas, there is zero to low exchanging costs, the diversity of competitors from round the globe drives new creative gaming, and the number of competitors that are equal in size and capability to EAI has increased. EAI has made rough decisions to try and make things work while Activation improved their direction to overtake the lead in the video game industry. Rivalry among these firms is weakened because the market is fast-growing, the number of firms is great thus diminishing the effect of strong competitive moves, and the product-lines are highly differentiated and appeal to a variety of diverse segments. Porters strategy simply states An organization that reuse a differentiation strategy seeks to distinguish itself from competitors through the quality of its products or services (Griffin 211). EAI competes with Activation with video games on the basis of differentiation where it shows how Seas loss of interest of their video game development gained the popularity of Activation as they went along to gain leadership in the video game development world. 3) How would you use the Miles and Snow typology theory to advise Activation Blizzard on the best way to maintain its leadership in the video-game market? Miles and Snow argued that companies develop their adaptive strategies based on their perception of their environments. Its broken down into three parts of strategies. The first being Prospector which helps seek new market opportunities, the second which is the defender strategy which implements a strategy to defend its market and last but not least the analyzer strategy which helps maintain its current business. If Activation utilized the prospector strategy it will constantly seek out new markets and new opportunities and is oriented toward growth and risk. For example Amazon. M follows a prospector strategy as it constantly seeks new market opportunities for selling different kinds of products through its websites (Griffin 213), Amazon today is known as one of the biggest online retailers in history of online retailers. It Activation utilizes this strategy, indeed they would maintain leadership in the gaming industry. If Activation focuses on the defender strategy, they would concentrate more on protecting its current markets, maintaining stable growth, and serving current customers, generally by l owering its costs and improving the performance of its existing products. While Activation should try other ideas to help the company grow, they should always maintain their core business strengths that will always help the company no matter what. 4) If you ran a small video-game start-up what would be your strategy for competing with EAI and Activation Blizzard? First and foremost I would utilize the SOOT analysis to differentiate myself from the two companies to help me own a more successful company than both EAI and Activation. When it comes to video games there are a variety of different types of games, shooters, Ammos, open world game, etc. Creating video games is not an easy process and can take some serious time. Its also a game creating these games because a lot of games most know dont succeed when it comes to sales and leaves the company wondering whether they should still continue on to create those games. By using SOOT and breaking it down with first strategy I would essentially lay out a blue print of my company and map out different parts of the company and group developers on what they prefer to create to generate great ideas. I would also view what my competitors are creating and go above and beyond that. Organizational Weaknesses are skills and capabilities that do not enable organizations to choose and implement strategies that support its vision (Griffin 2010). Even though its difficult to come up with weaknesses, if I were to develop a game company to compete and to ultimately conquer analyzing the weaknesses is essential to correct anything that needs to be corrected in order to facilitate a future successful gaming company. If there are things that need will help drain the company down than they need to be addressed. Opportunities are important because if not taken into inconsideration opportunities will longer be available. Seeking ones opportunity should be taken into advantage because it will help a company succeed. If there are opportunities to develop an amazing game that would ultimately out sell the competitors, theres no doubt about it to go ahead and seize the opportunity. Activation and EAI would be my threats and would be analyzed as to what they have created that they have gained many fans on. I would create games that gamers want, open blobs to take input on what the gamers want to create that perfect game that ill in the long run out sell anything my threats create. Fan loyalty is key when creating fans like how EAI has battlefield loyal fans and Activations Call Of Duty has a great deal of fans. I would get together with my developers to create the greatest of all games to eliminate my threats. 5) If youre a gamer, what aspects of Activations strategy have led to your playing more (fewer) fewer of its games? As a gamer, Activation in most ways have done a great Job when it comes to creating games. When they published the Call tot Duty series I instantly became descanted tit the franchise because of how Call of Duty transformed the shooter genre for the better. But, as time went on the sequels to these games began to seem repetitive and not interested anymore and made it seem since the company flourished on the past Call of Duties that they almost in a sense got lazy creating the sequels. Seas battlefield franchise is Activations Call of Duty biggest competitor and at the beginning Activation was greatly in charge of the first person shooter genre until Seas battlefield sequels have greatly improved blowing out the Call of Duty series. As of right now, Activations decisions about all of their new games coming out are repetitive and have no innovation nor bring creativity to the plate. As you may know the next generation consoles will be available later this year 2013 and the lineup for Activation is sad to say but weak compared to EAI. Not only does EAI have their great deal of shooter genre but their sport games are amazing and have such a huge fan base compared to other sport game companies. Activation needs to reevaluate their games and see what else they can bring to the table and create a whole new IP start from scratch ND create the greatest game possible to gain their fans back. Activation publishes all the movie games that end up being a total destruction game and sales wise. Conclusion As a gamer this case study was indeed fascinating and grabbed my attention almost instant. As a fan of both Electronic Arts and Activation it was great learning about their history and their come up to gaming fame. With all the competition out there in the game development world being the top game developing companies must be a great accomplishment. Both companies had its ups and downs sales wise and created good and also bad games. Activations success over EAI was indeed overwhelming because of how they showed leadership and creativity of their games which earned them a great deal of fans that are willing to purchase their games. Even though both companies are doing well with well over 1 billion dollars of total net income there are some flaws as gamer that I would like corrected. Beginning with EAI there was an issue where there newly released games were being required to purchase an online code to be eligible to play online with people only when the game is first purchased brand new that code is available. For people out there like myself whom purchase used games because of it being cheaper when one would try and play online EAI was charging 1 5$ do purchase that code which was revolting. Immediately when EAI began to send the idea out with its games, gamers everywhere petitioned that EAI stop the idea in which ultimately led to EAI having no choice to eliminate because of sales dropping almost ten percent. Activation on the other hand did not charge more money for its services but essentially began being repetitive with their games. There present games have no innovation, creativity and the same chances as their past games. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-71332337152383363432019-11-25T12:57:00.001-08:002019-11-25T12:57:05.133-08:00How the Phoenicians Settled CarthageHow the Phoenicians Settled Carthage Phoenicians from Tyre (Lebanon) founded Carthage, an ancient city-state in the area that is modern Tunisia. Carthage became a major economic and political power in the Mediterranean fighting over territory in Sicily with the Greeks and Romans. Eventually, Carthage fell to the Romans, but it took three wars. The Romans destroyed Carthage at the end of the Third Punic War, but then rebuilt it as a new Carthage. Carthage and the Phoenicians Although Alpha and Beta are Greek letters that give us our word alphabet, the alphabet itself comes from the Phoenicians, at least conventionally. Greek myth and legend credit the dragon-teeth-sowing Phoenician Cadmus as not only founding the Boeotian Greek city of Thebes but bringing the letters with him. The 22-letter abecedary of the Phoenicians contained only consonants, some of which had no equivalent in Greek. So the Greeks substituted their vowels for the unused letters. Some say that without the vowels, it was not an alphabet. If vowels arent required, Egypt can also make a claim for the earliest alphabet. Were this the only contribution of the Phoenicians, their place in history would be assured, but they did more. So much, it seems as though jealousy prompted the Romans to set out to annihilate them in 146 B.C.à when they razed Carthage and were rumored to have salted its earth. The Phoenicians are also credited with: Inventing glass.The bireme (two tiers of oars) galley.The luxurious purple dye is known as Tyrian.Circumnavigating Africa.Navigating by the stars. The Phoenicians were merchants who developed an extensive empire almost as a by-product of their quality merchandise and trading routes. They are believed to have gone as far as England to buy Cornish tin, but they started in Tyre, in an area now part of Lebanon, and expanded. By the time the Greeks were colonizing Syracuse and the rest of Sicily, the Phoenicians were already (9th century B.C.) a major power in the middle of the Mediterranean. The principal city of the Phoenicians, Carthage, was located near modern Tunis, on a promontory on the Northern Coast of Africa. It was a prime spot for access to all areas of the known world. The Legend of Carthage After the brother of Dido (famed for her role in Vergils Aeneid) killed her husband, Queen Dido fled her palace home in Tyre to settle in Carthage, North Africa, where she sought to buy land for her new settlement. Coming from a nation of merchants she cleverly asked to buy an area of land that would fit within an ox hide. The local inhabitants thought she was a fool, but she got the last laugh when she cut the oxhide (byrsa) into strips to enclose a large area, with the sea coast acting as one border. Dido was the queen of this new community. Later, Aeneas, on his route from Troy to Latium, stopped in Carthage where he had an affair with the queen. When she found that he had abandoned her, Dido committed suicide, but not before cursing Aeneas and his descendants. Her story is an important part of Vergils Aeneid and supplies a motive for the hostility between the Romans and Carthage. At length, in dead of night, the ghost appearsOf her unhappy lord: the specter stares,And, with erected eyes, his bloody bosom bares.The cruel altars and his fate he tells,And the dire secret of his house reveals,Then warns the widow, with her household gods,To seek a refuge in remote abodes.Last, to support her in so long a way,He shows her where his hidden treasure lay.Admonishd thus, and seizd with mortal fright,The queen provides companions of her flight:They meet, and all combine to leave the state,Who hate the tyrant, or who fear his hate....At last they landed, where from far your eyesMay view the turrets of new Carthage rise;There bought a space of ground, which (Byrsa calld,From the bulls hide) they first inclosd, and walld.Translation from (www.uoregon.edu/~joelja/aeneid.html) of Vergils Aeneid Book I Vital Differences of the People of Carthage The people of Carthage seem more primitive compared to modern sensibilities than the Romans or Greeks for one main reason: They are said to have sacrificed humans, babies, and toddlers (possibly their first born to ensure fertility). There is controversy over this. Its hard to prove one way or the other since millennia-old human remains dont easily tell whether the person was sacrificed or died some other way. Unlike the Romans of their time, the leaders of Carthage hired mercenary soldiers and had a capable navy. They were extremely adept at trade, a fact that allowed them to rebuild a profitable economy even after the setbacks of military defeat during the Punic Wars, which includedà a yearly tribute to Rome of almost 10 tons of silver. Such wealth allowed them to have paved streets and multi-story homes, compared with which proud Rome looked shabby. Source North African News Letter 1, by John H. Humphrey. American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 82, No. 4 (Autumn, 1978), pp. 511-520 Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-60373622989480688592019-11-21T20:21:00.001-08:002019-11-21T20:21:03.460-08:00Police brutality Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 wordsPolice brutality - Research Paper Example brutality comes in the form of use of profane language, threats of violence, field searches, approaching an innocent citizen with a drawn firearm, and to the extreme, physical violence against victims (Champion 58). Although police brutality is a commonplace occurrence in the entire United States, it is worth noting that New Jersey and New York are particularly conspicuous with such acts due to their strategic importance (Holmes and Smith 87). In as much as the law allows the use of reasonable force by the police in apprehending suspects, the governments of New York and New Jersey should install the relevant surveillance systems to reduce the many incidences of police brutality Despite the fact that the law on procedures of apprehension is very clear, some police officers still prefer to use excessive and more often unreasonable force in dealing with suspects or innocent citizens (Holmes and Smith 87). The law protects all citizens, including suspects and the police officers have to comply with such laws in maintaining order within their areas of operation (Shedd 43). It means that officers who appear to have violated the fundamental rights of the citizens in the course of their duties should face the same law that is fair to all (Johnson 521). Under all circumstances and occasions, officers should conduct themselves with utmost decorum and professionalism because the use of any excessive force by such officers could turn detrimental (Champion 58). In most cases, police officers who engage in brutal acts against the citizens do so in groups or individually with the aim of intimidating their victims. In this respect, they use a number of methods to perpetrate inhumane acts on their victims, depending on the situation and the nature of the individual (Barak 71). Sometimes, such rogue officers can use profane language or abusive language towards their victims even if their victims are submissive to their demands. Additionally, police brutality can come in the form Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-1482574598966475142019-11-20T17:02:00.001-08:002019-11-20T17:02:04.157-08:00Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 49Discussion - Essay Example An accountant must consider the unique aspects of the two classifications in order to capture all the expenses and revenues in order to enhance the accuracy of the balance sheets among other financial documents in an organization. Adjusting entries is an important undertaking in bookkeeping since it helps document every event that takes place in the organization. They help consolidate the accounts balances and bring them to the last day of the financial period. Such is a vital undertaking that helps in reconciling the financial books. Additionally, adjusting entries helps record the cost of doing business. Through adjusting entries, the financial records will show the activities that occurred instead of the transfer of money. This helps present the activities associated with doing business since they influence the cost of doing business in an economy (Warren, James and Jonathan 67). Such accounts as Accounts receivable and the income account are always adjusted depending on the movement of money in the business. Such are the adjusted entries since the movement of money in the company influences their outlook. Unadjusted entries, on the other hand, refer to money that remains unchanged despite the movement of money in the financial period. Such accounts as starting capital inherited from the closing accounts. The amount remains unchanged by the movement of money in the fiscal period. Adjusting entries is a hectic process that requires an accountant to pay close attention to the movement of money in a business. The fact that the process occurs at the end of a financial period makes it confusing and difficult since an account must refer to all the financial books within the period in order to understand the movement of cash. This makes the process hectic. While the relationship between debit and credit is natural, it remains difficult to identify the accounts to either Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-81378467192547944242019-11-16T04:56:00.001-08:002019-11-16T04:56:04.645-08:00Classroom Discourse AnalysisClassroom Discourse Analysis Classroom Teacher Children What Characteristic patterns of classroom discourse are apparent in the passage below? Context: This discourse takes place in a first-grade classroom in the USA, where the children are approximately 6 years old. The teacher has been reading from a book on hurricanes and tornados. 1. Manuel: Uh, if tornados go to the Antarctica, what the penguin gonna do? 2. Teacher: Oh, you know what*â⬠¦ 3. Male Child: They could go under water. 4. Teacher: Could they go under water? What kind of protection could a penguin have? 5. Bernardo: If thereââ¬â¢s enemies // if thereââ¬â¢s enemies, how could a penguin go underneath the water if thereââ¬â¢s enemies? 6. Teacher: Oh, he wouldnââ¬â¢t want to go underneath the water would he? Well, whoââ¬â¢s his enemy? 7. Children: The seal. 8. Teacher: The seals, yeah. Good thinking, questioner, yeah. 9. Children: [several students speaking at once] 10. Teacher: Alright, Manuel had his hand up first. He asked a really important question. He said, ââ¬Ëwell, what can a penguin do if he knows that a tornado is comingââ¬â¢? Wasnââ¬â¢t that your question? 11. Bernardo: No, that was mine. 12. Teacher: Well, together you were kind of talking about it. Now listen. Thatââ¬â¢s a really good question. Now letââ¬â¢s try to the questionâ⬠¦ 13. Teacher: Now, Iââ¬â¢m going to go over and get a book. In factâ⬠¦ Alejandro, no, Manuel, you go over and get the Emperor penguin book. The one from National Geographic on the table over there. (Adapted from the Shuart-Faris and Bloome, 2004, p. 106). From their beginnings children grow up learning language. This complex learning process is often taken for granted, as babies absorb and begin responding to the language which surrounds them. Bancroft (2007) suggests that these early language developments take place primarily between the dyad, in other words the child and his/her main caregiver (p.14). As children get older they become exposed to, and learn from, a much wider group of people and this helps to develop their ability to use language effectively. While the development of language skills is an on-going process, the children in the example of classroom discourse above have clearly already developed many of the skills essential in spoken language. These children can conform to the basic rules of conversation, such as turn taking and responding to prompts, recognising the teacher as being the initiator and themselves as respondents. They have also already developed enough comprehension of vocabulary to be able to participate in the discourse and have enough language knowledge to behave appropriately within the context of a classroom discussion. At approximately six years of age, these children appear to have already developed some of the skills which Crystal (1995) identified as essential acquisitions for young language learners; an extensive vocabulary, with words such as ââ¬Ëenemiesââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëunderneathââ¬â¢ along with comprehension of words such as ââ¬Ëprotectionââ¬â¢, and knowledge and use of grammatical structure, such as the sentence formation shown in lines one, three, five and eleven (cited in Bancroft, 2007, p. 5). This discourse, according to Crystalââ¬â¢s (1995) theory, is a reasonably representative example, as he claims that at least three quarters of all grammar is understood by most children by the time they first attend school (cited in Bancroft, 2007, p.5). Sinclair and Coulthard (1975) were the first linguists to describe the structural element of classroom talk, otherwise known as Initiation-Response-Feedback exchange or IRF (cited in Mercer, 2007, p.122). Mercer (2007) explains that IRF exchanges between teacher and pupil are considered to be standard interaction, with the teacher asking questions and the pupil(s) responding (p.122). As a result of their research, Wills (1983) and Edwards (1992) concluded that children quickly become familiar with the use of IRF within the structure of classroom discourse, and will automatically begin to participate in it (cited in Mercer, 2007, p.124). In the transcript above we can see clear examples of IRF; in both lines 4 and 6 the teacher asks direct questions to their pupils. In the first IRF exchange the teacher asks two questions and while the first was a closed question which could be answered by one ââ¬Ëcorrectââ¬â¢ answer, by following it immediately with an open question, it would s eem that the teacher was attempting to make the children consider the subject before prompting a discussion. In the second IRF exchange, seen on line 6, the teacher again asks two questions at once, these however are both quite closed questions which indeed are followed by all of the children answering together with the correct answer of ââ¬Ëthe sealââ¬â¢. The most common form of IRF, consisting of closed questions being asked, has received criticism from educational researchers such as Dillon (1988) and Wood (1992) who feel that little opportunity is given for pupils to develop their ability to reason, argue and explain using language (cited in Mercer, 2007, p.123). Mercer (2007) however argues that, by including open questions in these exchanges, IRF can be used positively to shape pupils awareness and help them gain deeper understanding. He concludes that, while he accepts criticisms of IRF, caution must be taken in simply associating language structures, or verbs used in questions, with language functions, the act of asking a question, as what is ultimately more revealing is looking at the context in which these exchanges occur (p.124). A good example of this is a recording on the U211 DVD (2007) of a teacher speaking to secondary school students about a project they were participating in. As we are able to hear this discourse we c an assess the use of tone, intonation and stress patterns, along with the language structure and language function to give a much clearer idea as to the effectiveness of IRF. Throughout this IRF exchange the teacher is encouraging the students to share, and expand on, information about their project, using open questions along with informal, supportive and friendly intonation (Unit 20). Without the ability to hear the classroom discourse exchange in our question, we should acknowledge that we can only make limited judgements as to the mode of IRF used. One aspect of classroom discourse which is not present in our example is that of specialised technical terms. Children in education will inevitably encounter these terms, as Mercer (2007) explains, which come from specific vocabularies of the different subjects within their curriculum. The fact that technical terms are lacking from our example could be due to the age of the children, as pupils will progressively become exposed to, and begin to use, these terms as they go through their education. Mercer notes that the use of this language can be confusing for pupils and easily misinterpreted, with children reliant upon the teachers skill in helping to learn and understand them (p.127). In our discourse example a teacher is present and is initiating, shaping and controlling the conversation. Mercer (2007) however comments on how school based language interaction between teachers and pupils differs greatly to that between pupils only. He suggests that pupils working in groups or pairs without the presence of a teacher tend to make extended contributions to the conversation, are more willing to share knowledge, offer explanations and express uncertainty, probably due to their shared status (p.131). Teachers undoubtedly play an important role in the education of children, however we should consider whether more pupils in our example would have shared their knowledge if they had been discussing the topic without the teachers presence. We can see on lines 7 and 9 more than one child talking at once, firstly to provide an answer to a closed question and secondly in inaudible speech, but besides these there are only two children who offer answers in this, admittedly small section, of discourse. While researching the topic of classroom discourse, Halliday (1985) stressed the importance of a childââ¬â¢s understanding and use of the distinctive register of written English (cited in Mercer, 2007, p.139). Hallidayââ¬â¢s theory of functional linguistics was the basis of the development of the genre approach, which recognised that language needed to be used in different ways dependent upon the context or medium for which it was being used (Maybin, cited in Mercer, 2007, p.140). In other words, as Mercer (2007) explains, children need to learn education ground rules, or conventions, in order to recognise and utilize language effectively (p.138). These ground rules include learning specialised words, patterns of classroom interactions and the differences between spoken language and written texts (DVD, Unit 20). Mercer (2007) also acknowledges that rather than these ground rules being directly taught, children will learn them through their teacherââ¬â¢s example and feedback (p.139). In our example we have no written comparison for the transcribed spoken language, and it is therefore difficult to assess just how different the language would be if the children had been writing about tornados rather than discussing them. Maybin (1994) suggests that ââ¬Ëwritten genres tend to be more condensed and abstractââ¬â¢ (cited in Mercer, 2007, p.139). In line 5 of our example we can see an example of this, with Bernardo possibly speaking while still determining what it is that he wants to say. Had he been asked to write his question, we would be unlikely to see any evidence of the false start or repetition of the words ââ¬Ëif thereââ¬â¢s enemiesââ¬â¢ which we see in his speech, as the ground rules of written language require the thought process to be completed prior to writing. One of the most important points about our example, as mentioned earlier, is with only a written transcript of the conversation it is difficult to be able to fully analyse the discourse. Intonation, rate of speech and facial expressions, also known as paralinguistic features, play an important role in spoken language (Mayor, 2007, p.71), and without knowledge of this we cannot be sure of the rapport between the teacher and their students. We can see clear evidence of IRF in our example, but what we cannot gauge is the extent to which the teacher was engaging and encouraging the pupils. What is clear is that the complete process of learning is extensive, with children developing unspoken rules of language alongside the curriculum. Learning, by example and through the feedback, the ground rules of language ââ¬â the construction of different forms of language, specialised technical terms and discourse patterns ââ¬â is just as important as learning specific set information, as wi thout it children would grow up unable to communicate effectively. REFERENCES (2007) ââ¬ËEnglish as a classroom languageââ¬â¢in Resource and Reference Materials 1, The Open University, p.25 ââ¬â 30. An A-Z of English, U211, DVD 2. Bancroft, D., with contributions from Gillen, J., (2007) ââ¬ËEnglish as a first languageââ¬â¢, N. Mercer, J. Swann and B. Mayor, Using English, London, Routledge/The Open University, p.5 36. Mayor, B., (2007) ââ¬ËEnglish in the repertoireââ¬â¢, N. Mercer, J. Swann and B. Mayor, Using English, London, Routledge/The Open University, p.43 72. Mercer, N., with contributions from Barnes, D., (2007) ââ¬ËEnglish as a classroom languageââ¬â¢, N. Mercer, J. Swann and B. Mayor, Using English, London, Routledge/The Open University, p.117 ââ¬â 142. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-35284661870616948302019-11-13T17:26:00.001-08:002019-11-13T17:26:03.498-08:00Entrepreneur Essay -- Entrepreneurial TheoriesThe analytical framework above reveals the personality attributes that make an individual become an entrepreneur and the attributes are illustrated from conception to the end process. It is made up of a combination of entrepreneurial theories that allude to the psychological traits of an individual. A variety of entrepreneurial theories will be used to explain the framework. Conception of the personality attribute of an entrepreneur is the will to establish a kingdom, followed by the need for achievement, then internal locus of control closely followed by non-conformist and finally the culmination of all the personality attributes lead to an entrepreneur. According to Goss (2005), Joseph Schumpeter suggested that one of the psychological traits of an entrepreneur is the ââ¬Ëwill to establish a private kingdomââ¬â¢. This is not only a personality attribute but it is a form of entrepreneurial motivation that can be found in entrepreneurs and individuals who might become entrepreneurs. In the framework above, it is highlighted as the first stage of one of many personality traits attributed to entrepreneurs. Goss (2005) argued that Schumpeterââ¬â¢s entrepreneurial motivation with regards to the will to establish a private kingdomââ¬â¢ is focused on an individual gaining and losing social status i.e. the motive is one gains power which protects one from the feelings of shame. Goss (2005) views Schumpeterââ¬â¢s three entrepreneurial motives from a sociological prism and not a psychological one. After much examination of Schumpeterââ¬â¢s writings, Goss (2005) arrived at the conclusion that social interaction and emotions are key variables in entrepreneurial actions. Also, Barnes (2000) views the motives from a sociological prism and argues otherwise that ... ...personal resources. Kets De Vries (1977) argues that entrepreneurs are ââ¬Ëanxious individuals, who are non-conformist, poorly organised and not a stranger to self-destructive behaviourââ¬â¢. The attribute of non-conformist can be applied to Victoria yet the characteristics of poor organisation or self-destructive behaviour cannot be applied to Victoria as she does not portray these personalities. Although Victoria reveals she has an inner direction with self-reliance, she does not neglect interpersonal relations with her family, work colleagues and clients. Overall, the dream to establish a private kingdom, a high need for achievement, internal locus of control and non-conformist behaviour all contribute towards the personality attributes of an entrepreneur. In conclusion, entrepreneurs need to possess a high need for achievement and a high internal locus of control. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7873809437320125576.post-82734838258406834282019-11-11T05:57:00.001-08:002019-11-11T05:57:05.515-08:00Impact of National Culture on Organisational PrinciplesDiscuss the impact of national culture on organisational principles and behaviour in TWO of the following: China, Japan and/or India. What do you consider to be the most important differences with the West? National culture can be classified as ââ¬Å"the collective mental programmingâ⬠of a society (Hofstede, 1980). The culture will have great repercussions on the way the way organisations and the different sectors within them are run. Managing them and controlling the human resources will also be dealt with according to the specified culture of the country.It is vital for organisations to understand the culture of different countries that they may be dealing with internationally or have multinational corporations within. This is because the collection of beliefs, habits and traditions within other nations may vary drastically from their own. The Japanese have a strong national culture that affects the way organisations behave and the different principles within them. The natio nal culture is important as it helps structure the culture of organisations. People then know what is acceptable, certain ways to behave and values. They have a number of laws to abide by and for this reason it is very important to follow the culture. A competitive advantage can also be gained as the culture is different to other nations. Children are encouraged to work very hard and it is not about the degree they get but rather how they use what they have learnt and put it into practice that counts. As they are given employment for life in a certain organisation, rather than moving from company to company, they are very hardworking and dedicated. Body postures show respect and bowing for reeting people is common along with gift giving for good effort. If a mistake is made, one does not get in trouble for it as the Japanese simply believe it is a lesson that has been learnt and honesty is key. Teamwork is vital for the Japanese. Countless managers in Japan feel their employees are motivated by working as a team. This is because as they are all working towards the same goal they share many responsibilities and get along well with each other, hence enjoying their job. This is a characteristic of Ouchiââ¬â¢s Theory Z when they are satisfied with their input towards the organisation. Japanese managers believe in consensus and cooperation and use the ââ¬Ëbottom-upââ¬â¢ rather than the ââ¬Ëtop downââ¬â¢ structure in the decision making process. The hierarchical structure cannot easily be seen as everyone cooperates hugely within the decision making process and dealing with tasks. Managers highlight the need for information to flow throughout the entire organisation be it top or bottom and feel the need for everyone in the organisation to participate. They should be available at all times and readily be enthusiastic to sharing information with the rest of the organisation. The Japanese have been practicing upon many techniques in their organisations which help them in their everyday working lives. Samuel K. M. Hoââ¬â¢s 5-S practice is a procedure which is used to institute quality within the workplace. These five words when translated into English mean organisation, neatness, cleaning, standardisation and discipline. The people of Japan feel if they preserve this quality, it can be used as a good promotional tool. Another well known practice carried out by the Japanese is something called ââ¬Ëkaizenââ¬â¢, which simply means ââ¬Ëcontinuous improvementââ¬â¢. Kaizen is a strategy that aims to involve everyone in the workforce by getting them to think of any improvements for the business frequently. It is a Taylorist approach which helps employees feel recognised and gives responsibility. This is done by carrying out tasks in teams, providing personal discipline and improved morale to the workforce. Quality circles are carried out in which employees give opinions and suggest improvements. The ââ¬ËJust In Time Productionââ¬â¢ theory is something the Japanese use which is very efficient. It focuses on getting the right material at the right time, at the right place and in the exact amount (Authorstream). This is done in order to save manufacturing costs and has many advantages one of which is it helps prevent stock going out of date as the right amount is produced. So overall, in Japan the national culture affect the organisational principles and behaviour greatly. Organisations expect loyalty, commitment and hard work from the workforce in return for good pay. The culture determines the way in which people are brought up, who is chosen in which organisation and the way people do things in their everyday lives is due to the specified culture. The culture of China varies from region to region within it but overall the culture is homogeneous. The government have been a considerable influence to the culture in organisation as it changes views to suit their needs. There was a cultural revolution from 1966 to 1976 which slightly changed the culture of China because of economic reasons. The previous system hugely converged on philosophy, literature and history but now the national culture has become more open with the world. The main factor of the Chinese culture is politeness. In everyday life, in and out of the workplace politeness determines an individualââ¬â¢s personality. Organisations usually select those who have the best attitude and family are usually giving priority before anyone else. As with Japan, lifetime employment is also the case with China and the organisation become like family to the employee. Respect is very important and the Chinese must ensure they give this at all times in order to prevent the ââ¬Ëloss of faceââ¬â¢. Once someone in China loses face, they are regarded as untrustworthy and lose their dignity along with their self respect. Greetings in China are usually made with the face and the Chinese depend on facial expressions and tone for reputation and respect. As with Japan, teamwork is vital in China as this guarantees good cooperation within the organisation. Gifts are given as recognition of hard work and appreciation and are also used for motivation. Long term relationships are also much more valued rather than quick transactions as the Chinese find it easier to function when they have contacts. This is a more family way of working and is part of Guanxi. Guanxi literally means any type of relationship (Chinese-school) and a favour is usually done for a favour in return. However, he difference from the Japanese culture is in China there are clear levels of hierarchy and people are usually judged according to their status. The seniors will always be given priority and no decisions can be taken upon without their consent. If mistakes are made in China it is regarded as a huge weakness. Confucianism has largely influenced the Chinese. It is a ââ¬Ëcomplex system of moral, social, political and religious codesââ¬â¢ (Smith, 1973). It is unequal and values men more than women. There are fewer women in the workforce and they are regarded to have less importance than men. Overall, there are many similarities in both eastern countries, Japan and China, with only a few differences. Every nation has their own culture which makes them different and gives a competitive advantage over others. The people in these nations abide by the certain cultures sustaining them throughout generations. There are many differences in the way national culture impacts organisational principles and behaviour in China and Japan than in the West. In Japan, hierarchies are not so clear whereas they are very clear in China. In Western countries, company structures change depending on which industry is being looked at but the overall hierarchies will still be of importance. In both Japan and China, social relationships mean a lot and people usually get given employment due to family and friends and build them up from there. Once they receive employment within a firm, it is usually lifetime employment and they treat the firm like family. However in Western countries, people are given jobs according to their degree and on a professional level. People switch from company to company and their role moves up if they are top performers. Western countries unlike the Eastern are only concerned with employees on a work basis. This is different to Eastern countries that are judged on both home and work and actions outside the workplace can be severe. Men and women are not looked at differently in the Western countries but in Japan and China are given a lower status and fewer women have top positions within the workforce. When a mistake is made in a Western country it is usually overlooked however in Japan it is counted as part of the learning process and in China it is regarded as a weakness. In Japan, decisions are made by groups of up to one hundred people whereas in Western countries they are finalised by only about ten people. Regardless, decisions are still usually made quicker in the East than they are in the West. Corruption is something that occurs widely in China which causes certain decisions to be taken that benefit the rich making the rich richer and the poor poorer. This does not occur much in Western countries as in the UK, such Cartels exist to reduce corruptive actions. There are many similarities and a few differences between both Western countries, Japan and China that have been listed above. The main difference in culture is the East usually treats their nations more as family and actions inside and outside the work place are something they have to account for. The differences are become fewer though, as these Eastern countries are slowly being influenced by the West because of internationalism.References http://chinese-school.netfirms.com/guanxi.html http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/Nguvananh_07b-311673-time-product-business-english-3-finance-ppt-powerpoint/ Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05456571040826083328noreply@blogger.com0