To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee - The Death of Innocence :: Free Essay Writer

Polymer formulation

Polymer definition Section 1 Presentation Colors are added substances in a polymer plan which give endless prospects to creators who need to separate their item. Enactment and uprising ecological mindfulness has prompted the progressive eliminating of substantial metal inorganic colors and expanded use of natural shades. Regardless of their great warmth solidness, light speed, tinctorial quality and ease, certain natural colors are broadly known to cause critical warpage in polyethylene moldings (even at shade fixations as low as 0.1% wt).[1,2] This marvel is particularly normal in enormous slim walled moldings, for example, covers, bottle boxes and trays.[3] It is commonly acknowledged that the warpage wonder is brought about by the nucleating impact these natural shades have on polyethylene. They go about as nucleating specialists, expanding crystallization rate and changing the morphology of moldings. Morphological changes cause higher interior pressure which prompts distortion.[2] Adding on to the issue, diverse natural shades nucleate polyethylene to various degrees, making it difficult to create moldings with indistinguishable measurements utilizing indistinguishable preparing conditions when an assortment of colors are used.[4] Various endeavors have just been made, with typically moderate achievement, to settle natural shade initiated warpage. They run from modifying process parameters, shape configuration changes, pre-treatment of shades, to consolidation of extra added substances. A survey of writing in this examination zone demonstrated that albeit a few examinations have been directed to research the fuse of nucleating specialists to abrogate nucleating impacts of natural colors on polypropylene, constrained data of this sort exists for polyethylene. The particular instrument behind nucleating operators abrogating nucleation by natural shades is likewise still muddled. Subsequently, it is the point of this examination to consider the impact of nucleating specialists, in light of potassium stearate and carboxylic corrosive salts, on the crystallization and warpage conduct of high thickness polyethylene containing copper phthalocyanine green shade. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Optical Microscopy (OM) will be utilized to follow the crystallization conduct of the details and connections between's pace of crystallization and shrinkage conduct will likewise be made. Part 2 Writing REVIEW 2.1. Nucleation and Crystallization of Semi-Crystalline Polymers 2.1.1. Crystallization Mechanisms Crystallization includes the arrangement of an arranged structure from a cluttered stage, for example, liquefy or weaken solution.[5] The crystallization procedure of polymers is thermodynamically determined. It is administered by change in Gibbs free vitality, ÃŽG.[6] ÃŽG = ÃŽH TÃŽS (2-1) Where ÃŽH is change in enthalpy, T is total temperature and ÃŽS is change in entropy. At the point when ÃŽG is negative, crystallization is thermodynamically good. This happens when loss of enthalpy upon crystallization surpasses the loss of entropy increased by outright temperature. It can subsequently be inferred that as the total temperature of the framework falls, the main thrust of crystallization will increase.[7] For a polymer to take shape, it must comply with the accompanying requirements:[8] Sub-atomic structure must be sufficiently ordinary to permit crystalline requesting Crystallization temperature must be beneath softening point however not near glass progress temperature Nucleation must happen before crystallization Crystallization rate ought to be adequately high A hundred percent crystallinity is unimaginable in polymers because of variables, for example, chain snares, thick drag and fanning. Along these lines they are named ‘semi-crystalline. All semi-crystalline polymers display an extraordinary balance liquefying temperature above which crystallites soften and underneath which a liquid polymer begins to take shape. The crystallization of semi-crystalline polymers is a two-advance procedure comprising precious stone nucleation and gem growth.[6] 2.1.2. Essential Nucleation Essential nucleation can be characterized as the arrangement of short-run requested polymer accumulations in soften which go about as a central base on which crystallization can occur.[9] There are three components of essential nucleation, in particular, homogeneous nucleation, heterogeneous nucleation and direction initiated nucleation.[10] 2.1.2.1. Homogeneous Nucleation Homogeneous nucleation includes the unconstrained making of core in a semi-crystalline polymer dissolve when it is cooled beneath its harmony softening temperature.[7] This procedure is named as irregular as cores are framed in convenient succession.[11] Creation of cores happens when factual variety inside a polymer liquefy brings about the arrangement of requested congregations of chain sections bigger than a basic size[7]; for the most part between 2-10nm.[11] Below this basic size, the cores are flimsy and might be destroyed.[11] For the most part, super-cooling to between 50-100Â °C beneath balance liquefying temperature is negligibly required to accomplish genuine homogeneous nucleation.[12] The super-cooling is credited to the vitality obstruction homogeneous cores are required to defeat to reach stability.[7]. At the point when sub-atomic portions pack close to one another to shape an incipient organism, there is an adjustment in free vitality, ÃŽG, brought about by two contradicting components. The making of new gem surface builds free vitality (ÃŽS is negative) while the decrease in volume of the framework diminishes free vitality (ÃŽ(U+pV) ≈ ÃŽH is negative). The two contradicting components lead to a size-subordinate free vitality bend which characterizes basic core size.[13] A little incipient organism has high surface to volume proportion thus ÃŽG is certain; at the end of the day, gem development isn't thermodynamically favourable.[13,14] However as cores develop, the surface to volume proportion diminishes to a certain degree where volume change exceeds the production of new surface and change in free vitality decline; precious stone development turns out to be progressively likely. This point is characterized as basic cores size or more this point, the vitality boundary is o vercome.[13,14] Eventually when ÃŽG gets negative, cores are thermodynamically steady, preparing for additional development into lamellae or spherulites.[14] The base number of unit cells required to frame a steady cores decline when temperature decline, because of a decrease in vitality boundary. At the end of the day, the pace of homogeneous nucleation increments when temperature of the polymer decreases.[7] 2.1.2.2. Heterogeneous Nucleation By and by, one as a rule watches heterogeneous nucleation and not homogeneous nucleation.[15] Heterogeneous nucleation includes the arrangement of cores on the outside of remote bodies present in the liquid period of a semi-crystalline polymer. The outside bodies can appear as unusual contaminations, for example, dust particles or impetus leftovers, nucleating operators included reason or gems of a similar material effectively present in the liquid stage (self-seeding).[7,8] The nearness of remote bodies incredibly diminishes the vitality hindrance for the development of stable cores. This explanation behind this is, polymer atoms which set against previous surfaces of remote bodies make less new fluid/strong interface than a similar volume of polymer particles shaping a homogeneous nucleus.[6] In turn, basic size of cores is littler in heterogeneous nucleation when contrasted with homogenous nucleation so heterogeneous nucleation consistently happens at lower supercooling.[16] Outside bodies with crystallographic spacings coordinating the semi-crystalline polymer are particularly compelling heterogeneous nucleating specialists. Great nucleation destinations incorporate gem grain limits, breaks, discontinuities and cavities.[7] 2.1.2.3. Direction Induced Nucleation Direction prompted nucleation is brought about by some level of atomic arrangement in the liquid period of a semi-crystalline polymer. Sub-atomic arrangement diminishes the entropy distinction between the liquid and crystalline condition of the polymer. This sort of nucleation is significant in different procedures, for example, fiber dissolve turning, film-framing and infusion shaping. In these procedures, polymer liquefy is sheared previously and during crystallisation.[8,17] 2.1.3. Gem Growth 2.1.3.1. Essential Crystallization Essential crystallization happens when dissolve of a semi-crystalline polymer is cooled underneath its balance liquefying temperature. It includes atomic fragments saving onto the developing essence of crystallites or cores. The resultant gem development happens along the an and b tomahawks, comparative with the polymers unit cell. These augmentations of sub-atomic portions can happen through two instruments: tight crease contiguous reemergence or autonomous testimony (outlined in Figure 2.3).[6] Tight overlap nearby reemergence necessitates that chain stems be set down constantly from a solitary polymer particle in a progression of clasp twists until its length is depleted. This single particle is believed to be ‘reeled in from encompassing liquid material.[7] This instrument necessitates that atomic movements along the polymer particles shape length to be a few times quicker than the pace of precious stone development. Then again, the autonomous affidavit instrument just requires confined movement of atomic portions. Atomic sections just need to re-compose adequately to line up with sub-atomic portions at the crystallite face.[6] tight overlay nearby reemergence autonomous deposition[6] 2.1.3.2. Optional Crystallization After a semi-crystalline polymer is cooled to room temperature, crystallization is still thermodynamically good however confined by the low versatility of sub-atomic portions in its nebulous locales. Over an all-encompassing timeframe, which can length from hours to weeks, re-course of action of atomic fragments inside nebulous areas can prompt further gem development. This procedure is characterized as s

Do You Think You Have Become Addicted

Do You Think You Have Become Addicted Addiction Drug Use Print Do You Think You Have Become Addicted? By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on January 05, 2018 Drugs Can Be Harmful Even If You are Not Addicted. © PhotoXpress.com More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Not everyone who uses drugs becomes addicted, but substance abuse can cause problems for individuals whether they are technically addicted or not. There are different levels of substance abuse, and all of them can be dangerous. Substance Abuse Disorder Using drugs or other substances becomes abusive and categorized as a substance abuse disorder when the use begins to cause continuing or growing problems in the users life. These problems include missing work or school, driving under the influence, legal problems, and problems with friends or family relationships. Chemical Dependency Dependency usually becomes noticeable in substance abusers when they continue their pattern of drug use in spite of incurring significant problems in their lives. Some signs of chemical dependency include spending more time on drug-seeking behavior, withdrawing from society and activities, an increased tolerance to the substance, unsuccessful attempts to quit, withdrawal symptoms during abstinence or reduced intake, and continuing use in spite of negative consequences. Chemical Addiction: Addiction can best be described as a compulsively continued use of a drug or substance and a complete inability to stop. An addict is a person who is controlled by a drug or substance. Do You Have a Substance Abuse Problem? The following questions were written by recovering addicts in Narcotics Anonymous and published in NAs brochure Am I an Addict? If you have doubts about whether or not you’re an addict, take a few moments to read the questions below and answer them as honestly as you can. Do you ever use alone?Have you ever substituted one drug for another, thinking that one particular drug was the problem?Have you ever manipulated or lied to a doctor to obtain prescription drugs?Have you ever stolen drugs or stolen to obtain drugs?Do you regularly use a drug when you wake up or when you go to bed?Have you ever taken one drug to overcome the effects of another?Do you avoid people or places that do not approve of you using drugs?Have you ever used a drug without knowing what it was or what it would do to you?Has your job or school performance ever suffered from the effects of your drug use?Have you ever been arrested as a result of using drugs?Have you ever lied about what or how much you use?Do you put the purchase of drugs ahead of your financial responsibilities?Have you ever tried to stop or control your using?Have you ever been in a jail, hospital, or drug rehabilitation center because of your using?Does using interfere with your sleeping or eating?Does the though t of running out of drugs terrify you?Do you feel it is impossible for you to live without drugs?Do you ever question your own sanity?Is your drug use making life at home unhappy?Have you ever thought you couldn’t fit in or have a good time without drugs?Have you ever felt defensive, guilty, or ashamed of your using?Do you think a lot about drugs?Have you had irrational or indefinable fears?Has using affected your sexual relationships?Have you ever taken drugs you didn’t prefer?Have you ever used drugs because of emotional pain or stress?Have you ever overdosed on any drugs?Do you continue to use despite negative consequences?Do you think you might have a drug problem?

Preserving the uniqueness of local cultures in their...

As time progresses, the modern day society and cultures are slowly integrating into a world that is increasingly becoming one global economically and technologically interdependent whole, where universal mobility is taking architects and architecture across borders and through continents at an unprecedented speed. (Tzonis and Lefaivre, 484) The universalizing of culture is in some ways an advancement for humanity, however global integration is threatening to subtly disintegrate the stylistic innovation in architecture as the universal styles and cultures takes over. In order to address the threat of globalization in architecture, it is a imperative to focus on the use of critical regionalism throughout the world. By the integration of†¦show more content†¦By paying attention to the lighting conditions of the site, the window, a crucial element in architectural expression removes itself from the repetitiveness of the universal styles. These add into the factors of climatic co ntrol, bringing up the needlessness of artificial climates which need to be maintained within the buildings, rather than the interior climate maintaining itself. The usage of local materials and style also becomes an important factor in keeping the uniqueness of the local cultures. This does not imply to copy the vernacular style of the area but rather insert a reinterpretation of the local culture in the creation of the new design. The critical regionalist will attempt to create a place oriented culture without completely mimicking the traditional styles with the usage of the local materials and possibly local techniques. With this, the building ends up fitting with the buildings of the local area. The universal style of architecture does not maintain this important factor but rather deviates nearly completely from the local styles and materials. An example of this would be the city of Dubai. With the importation steel and glass, the structures tend to have little to no relation to the location nor the original culture design styles. Rather than following the ideal designs that would fit with the extreme heat of the desert, the architects designed what are essentially green houses in theShow MoreRelatedEssay about Art As a Shared Experience1430 Words   |  6 PagesArt, even in its simplest form, has a culture embedded on it. It cannot be separated from the artist’s way of life. It differentiates a culture from all the rest and defines itself to an extent where nobody but the artist can even grasp. Traces of art forms have been identified alongside the evolution of mankind and flourished since the establishment of civilizations. These earlier art masterpieces in the form of sculptures, cave paintings, petroglyphs and the like were found from different partsRead MoreUrban Regeneration And Urban Development9597 Words   |  39 Pagesinfluences and urban planning techniques, it has been realized that the old heritage and culture, the core Pune identi ty is slowly been taking a blow. The urbanization has been transforming the urban townscapes of Pune into completely new dimensions thus hampering the glorious heritage and cultural identity for which the city of Pune is known for. The following research will highlight the importance of preserving and rediscovering the cultural heritage areas of Pune which can help develop and retainRead MoreThesis: Tourism and Rizal Park7777 Words   |  32 Pagesthose who tend to it. Here is a park that is used, loved and nurtured by the people who saw it shape up from nothing (http://rizalpark.nationalparks.ph/main.htm, October 9, 2013). Tourist attractions can be natural or man-made. The history and culture of a place are also very important attractions that enhance the natural and man-made attractions found in the place. The history of a place is felt through visits to old buildings and churches, and other places of historical value. Activities forRead MoreTechnology And The Digital Revolution2073 Words   |  9 PagesCultural heritage sites are spaces full of rich culture and innovation, providing abundant opportunities for visitors to learn and explore. They are valued for their ability to broaden knowledge, expand minds and deliver new experiences to sites of cultural and historical value. Digital technology is being used to combat some of the main problems that cultural heritage sites face, including inaccessibility, the lack of connection between visitors and objects, and the safety of objects during travellingRead MoreDiet Coke5620 Words   |  23 PagesMARKETING MIX: 9 Product Characteristic and Attributes 9 Price 11 Promotion 12 Points of Parity and Points of Difference between Diet Coke and Diet Pepsi – (To be added) 15 Brand Exploratory 15 Brand Awareness 15 Brand Image 16 Interpretation of Brand Exploratory: 19 Introduction: No one thought a drink sold for five cents a glass at a pharmacy would grow up to be one of the most recognized brands in the world. On January 31, 1895 the Coca-Cola trade mark was registered and a mereRead MoreMarketing Strategy of Dabur Vatika Hair Oil and Dabur Chyawanprash15871 Words   |  64 Pages(Nepal), Dabur Egypt Ltd (Egypt), Asian Consumer Care (Bangladesh), Asian Consumer Care | |(Pakistan), African Consumer Care (Nigeria), Naturelle LLC (Ras Al Khaimah-UAE), Weikfield International (UAE) and Jaquline Inc. | |(USA).17 ultra-modern manufacturing units spread around the globe Products marketed in over 60 countries. Wide and deep market | |penetration with  50 CF agents, more than 5000 distributors and over Read MoreThe Role of Radio in Propagating Culture12040 Words   |  49 Pages TITLE PAGE THE ROLE OF THE RADIO IN PROPAGATING CULTURE IN NIGERIA BY LEGHEMO JOY EZEMOKUMO MC/2006/129 A PROJECT RESEARCH SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF MASS COMMUNICATION, FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B .Sc) DEGREE IN MASS COMMUNICATION. CARITAS UNIVERSITY AMORJI –NIKE ENUGU STATE AUGUST, 2010 THE ROLE OF RADIO IN PROPAGATING CULTURE IN NIGERIA (A CASE STUDY OF KOLUAMA, BAYELSA STATE) Read MoreCompetitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance65536 Words   |  263 Pagesunique in its industry along some dimensions that are widely valued by buyers. It selects one or more attributes that many buyers in an industry perceived as important, and uniquely positions itself to meet those needs. It is rewarded for its uniqueness with a premium price. Differentiation is peculiar to each industry. It can be based on the product itself, the delivery system by which it is sold, the marketing approach and a broad range of other factors. Ex. Cosmetics differentiation tendsRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesWide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk First published 2007  © Pearson Education Limited 2007 The rights of Joanne Duberley, Phil Johnson and John McAuley to be identified as authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the priorRead MoreBusiness Case: Marketing Research for Customers Segmentation12172 Words   |  49 PagesAnalysis Plan .............................................................................................. 14 3.4.5 Fielding the Survey ..................................................................................... 15 3.4.6 Analysis Interpretation ................................... .......................................... 15 3.4.7 Translating Results to Action ...................................................................... 15 3.5 Control of performance ........................

The Social Penetration Theory Of Communication - 1509 Words

The Social Penetration Theory and Its Application to Plot Lines for Successful Films Everyone goes through situations in which they form new relationships with people they previously did not know. For example, when a student moves onto a college campus for his or her freshman year, the student will have to go through the process of making new friends and getting to know his or her roommate. The social penetration theory of communication explains how new relationships form and the levels a relationship must go through before it can be described as being friends. The social penetration theory can be described as a theory of self-disclosure. Altman and Taylor created the social penetration theory to explain how†¦show more content†¦The layers of self-disclosure can be identified as layers of an onion. Self-disclosure can be referred to as layers of an onion because in the relationship you peel back a layer at a time. The outer layer of the onion is only superficial communication that is not as intimate and can be seen by any of the public. This communication ca n include height, weight, where someone works or goes to school, etc. The inner layer of the onion includes more personal communication that is not always seen by the public. This inner layer can include communication that involves a persons goals, values, and beliefs. In a study done in 2012, bloggers tended to stick to the outer layers of the onion when discussing topics in their blogs (Tang). The social penetration theory and social media’s impact on the theory will be expanded upon more later on in the paper. Two big pieces of this social penetration theory puzzle are depth and breadth of self-disclosure. The depth of self-disclosure is how deep someone can penetrate the layers of the onion or how deep your self-disclosure goes. The more intimate someone is in the relationship the more depth of self-disclosure that relationship will have. Where-as the breadth of self-disclosure is the range of topics in which disclosure takes place within a relationship. Younger people t end to have more breadth where-as the older generation tends to take partShow MoreRelatedThe Social Penetration Theory Of Interpersonal Communication814 Words   |  4 PagesThe Social Penetration Theory interpersonal communication was proposed by the psychologists and theorists, Altman and Taylor in 1973, with the idea of offering an explanation for the closeness or intimacy that can develop between two people. â€Å"The social penetration theory states that as relationships develop, communication moves from relatively shallow, no intimate levels to deeper, more personal ones.†(Altman and Taylor in 1973.) They also proposed that this process towards closeness, is regulatedRead MoreThe Effects of Facebook Communication on Social Penetration Theory1456 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract The Effects of Facebook Communication on Social Penetration Theory This paper examines a possible study to measure how CMC -- specifically Facebook communication -- is changing and evolving social penetration theory (Altman Taylor, 1973). More specifically, the surveys are designed to determine if self-disclosure is happening more quickly in Facebook relationships. Altman and Taylor examine the stages of self-disclosure in social penetration theory and this study will determine if theRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory827 Words   |  4 PagesFounder of the theory The founders of the theory were Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor. Altman is a distinguished professor of psychology at the University of Utah whereby Taylor is a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, Arlington. Altman and Taylor developed this theory to provide an understanding of the closeness between two individuals. Apparently, social penetration is defined as a process that moves a relationship from non-intimate to intimate. The theory states that thisRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory : Arizona Sate University1581 Words   |  7 Pages Social Penetration Theory Conner Farquharson Arizona Sate University For a young child, telling a secret to the person he or she likes is a big deal. But the secrets that are told are minor, probably about a favorite item or candy. Not knowing at the time but social penetration theory is going on. Information about oneself is communicated to friends, loved ones, and acquaintances on a daily basis, sometimes without knowing we are revealing personal information. As weRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory : Crazy, Love1117 Words   |  5 PagesMaggie Decena Professor McNelis September 22nd, 2017 Application of Social Penetration Theory The film Crazy, Stupid, Love depicts the dissolution of Cal Weaver’s once perfect life. High school sweethearts living in a suburban town with steady jobs and kids, Cal and his wife Emily share the illusion of a picture-perfect love story. However, when Emily reveals her act of adultery, she asks Cal for a divorce. Cal falls into a deep depression that leads him to bask in his sorrows at singles barsRead MoreAnalysis Of 500 Days Of Summer1714 Words   |  7 Pagesimportant communication theory. In this paper, I would like to focus on the social penetration theory revealed in 500 Days of Summer. In this movie, some essential perspectives of penetration theory are revealed: depth and breadth of penetration, stages of the penetration theory, and verbal and non-verbal communication. In this essay, I am going to discuss these three characteristics revealed in the movie, 500 Days of Summer with my observations. First of all, depth and breadth of penetration is revealedRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory And The Theory981 Words   |  4 Pages Social Penetration Theory Yunsik Jung Western Kentucky University Abstract Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor originally created the Social Penetration Theory and the theory deals with the ways in which relationships develop and progress. It explains how communication enriches the relationship of two or more individuals. The theory states that closeness develops if communication begins at relatively shallow non-intimate levels and moves in gradual and orderly fashion to deeper more personal levelsRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory By Irwin Altman And Dalmas1511 Words   |  7 Pages Irwin Altman and Dalmas introduces Social Penetration theory in chapter 8 and they explain the theory as â€Å"the idea that relationships become more intimate over time when partners disclose more and more information about themselves† (Littlejhon, 2002). This paper will showcase social media and how it relates to how individuals self-disclose in social penetration theory. A short history of social media and the direction it’s headed will also be included. Facebook, a platform has become a phenomenonRead MoreThe Breakfast Club Movie Analysis1668 Words   |  7 Pagesfirsthand. Throughout the movie, communication and the formation of relationships prove to be main focal points. Using concepts such as the Social Penetration Theory, the Uncertainty Reduction Theory, and the Turning Point Model, the famous movie The Breakfast Club successfully demonstrates the many forms of interpersonal communication and the stages of relationship development. The first theory exemplified in the film is the Social Penetration Theory. This theory, developed by Dalton and TaylorRead MoreSocial Penetration Theory ( Altman And Taylor s Theory882 Words   |  4 Pages Social Penetration Theory Hermeet Kalsi, Ancheta Aaron, Millie, Stephanie, Lucà ­a Skinner Mission College â€Æ' Social Penetration Theory (Altman and Taylor’s, 1973) The Social Penetration Theory interpersonal communication was proposed by the psychologists and theorists, Altman and Taylor in 1973, with the idea of offering an explanation for the closeness or intimacy that can develop between two people. â€Å"The social penetration theory states that as relationships develop, communication

American Dream Synthesis Free Essays

Kyrie Staab Mrs. Wieseman Hon. English 10 Dec. We will write a custom essay sample on American Dream Synthesis or any similar topic only for you Order Now 18, 2012 Is Our American Dream Fading Away? The attainability and very existence of the American dream has been debated for many years. As the economy, politics, and social standings change, so do the expectations and beliefs about what the American dream should be and how one should go about achieving it. The main question involved in this debate is not so much whether the dream is alive or dead, but whether America’s dream can ever be fully realized. Even the most skeptic of men and women cannot deny that although the dream may be blurring around the edges, it is still very much alive in the minds and hearts of the people. For generations, the American dream has retained it’s basic definition: â€Å"Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness†. Immigrants to America-at least in years past-cling to this dream, hoping to find a better, happier, more secure life. One woman tells the story of a Russian family coming to live in the US in a BBC news article in March of 2011: â€Å"†¦ he American Dream meant liberty. But Isabel says it promised even more. ‘The Dream is to work, to have a home, to get ahead, you can start as a janitor and become owner of the building. ’† For almost everyone, the dream has been the same. In the novel Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, the two main characters, Lennie and George, share the desire to have a home: a small, safe place to call their own. This same dream ha s pushed generations of men and women to work hard to reach their goals despite social and economic obstacles. In a Los Angeles Times article in 2011, Gregory Rodriguez says practically the same thing. â€Å"The dream is the glue that keeps us all together. It’s the vague promise that our lot will get better over time that gives us the patience to endure whatever indignities we suffer at the moment. † In the novel, George especially encounters obstacles while trying to achieve both his and Lennie’s dream. However, the promise of a secure, happy, quiet life for himself and his friend encourages him to continue his work. Yes, it is unfortunately true that as time goes on, less and less people seem to believe that the American Dream is attainable. However, the reason for this may be because we have already achieved the original dream, but continue to expect more and more from a badly damaged economy. In the 60s Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. ’s expression of the American Dream emphasized universal equality and compassion, and racial equality within our own borders. In a lecture to college students in 1964, King states that â€Å"If the American Dream is to be a reality we must develop a world perspective. He explains this by quoting John Donne and saying, â€Å"No man is an island entire of itself every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main†¦ Any man’s death diminishes me, because I am involved in mankind. therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls, it tolls for thee. † Looking at today’s society, it would appear that this dream has, at least in pa rt, been achieved. All people have the opportunity to earn a home, happiness, and security. At this point, the only thing stopping people from achieving their dreams are themselves. In John Steinbeck’s essay â€Å"Paradox and Dream† he says that â€Å"†¦ we are a restless, a dissatisfied, a searching people†¦ we seem to be in a state of turmoil all the time, both physically and mentally. † When Steinbeck goes on to say that the American Dream has very little to with reality in everyday life, he demonstrates how society prevents citizens from being satisfied when their dream is fulfilled. Is it possible that the expectations attached to the American Dream are unrealistic? Given today’s economy, the standards and expectations people have assigned to the American Dream do make it more difficult to achieve. In Of Mice and Men, George and Lennie’s dream, though very simple and basic by today’s standards, was unrealistic, given Lennie’s handicaps. George’s dream is far more achievable with Lennie gone, even though Lennie is part of that dream. This example illustrates how the amount of effort one is willing to put into achieving their dream has changed. People today are not as willing to accept more realistic standards for their dreams. This is different even from just three years ago, when Katharine Q. Seelye said in her article â€Å"What Happens to the American Dream in a Recession? † that â€Å"Even though their economic outlook is worse, more people are saying they have either achieved the dream or expect to do so†¦ † She then quotes Barry Glassner, a professor of sociology: â€Å"‘You want to hold on to your dream even more when times are hard†, he said. ‘And if you want to hold on to it, then you better define it differently. ’† In her article, Seelye states that â€Å"people are shifting their definition of the American Dream†¦ ewer people are pegging their dream to material success and more are pegging it to abstract values. † If people today were to adopt this point of view, far many more citizens would achieve their dream. While standards and expectations change, the essential roots of the American Dream remain the same. The dream of having a prosperous, safe, happy life drives citizens to achieve more and improve themselves and the country. As long as these basic beliefs are held by even one citizen, the dream still lives. Works Cited Kay, Katty. â€Å"What is today’s American Dream?. BBC News U. S and Canada. (2011): n. page. Web. 12 Jan. 2013. . King, Dr. Martin Luther. â€Å"The American Dream. † Drew University, Madison, New Jersey. 5 Feb 1964. Lecture. Rodriguez, Gregory. â€Å"The American Dream: Is it slipping away?. † Los Angeles Times. (2010): n. page. Print. Seelye, Katharine. â€Å"What Happens to the American Dream in a Recession?. † (2009): n. page. Web. 12 Jan. 2013. Steinbeck, John. â€Å"Paradox and Dream. † Trans. Array Excerpts from â€Å"Paradox and Dream†. 1966. Print. Steinbeck, John. Of Mice and Men. Penguin Group, 1937. Print. How to cite American Dream Synthesis, Papers

Essay on Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Essay Example

Essay on Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Essay Enterprise Architecture (EA) Framework Introduction Basically, an enterprise architecture (EA) framework is a grand design that is employed when creating a system to augment customers, process or an organization’s satisfaction. The concept includes various guidelines such as patterns, standards, rules, interfaces and policies that are typically incorporated when crafting a novel IT capability. Enterprise architecture framework is mostly designed to make certain the alignment between any business and its IT strategies, service deliveries, software development projects, guiding principles as well as operating model. By taking a universal enterprise wide outlook across business processes, services, technology, information and applications, enterprise architecture ensures that the business objectives and goals are holistically addressed across all application development ventures and their respective deployment into production.

Illegal Immigration

Illegal Immigration Illegal Immigration Illegal Immigration is entering the United States without permission of the Authorities through permeable border points, overstaying the legal duration of a visa and admission by using fraudulent identity and/or documents. The Pew Hispanic Centre estimates that there are eleven million immigrants in America, six to seven million of whom came to the United States via illegal entry, mainly through the rural, mountainous and arid border of Arizona and Mexico. Estimates also show that between four to five million unauthorized migrants enter the United States with a legal visa but overstay accounting for between 3350% of the total population. Approximately 250,000 and 500,000 illegal immigrants gain admission through fraudulent use of identity and/or documents. With the enactment of Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) and other Federal or State laws in place, an unauthorized immigrant who enters or attempts to enter the United States illegally, uses, acquires, or produces fraudulent documents for immigration-related purposes may be subjected to Civil and Criminal penalties and denied certain immigration benefits, including the ability to enter or reside in the United States. Illegal immigrants in the United States represent a meaningful portion of the working population, despite laws and enforcement statutes designed to prevent the employment of unauthorized workers. The Federal Immigration Reform and Control Act (ICRA) of 1986 establishes a National Policy regarding the employment of undocumented immigrant workers and places considerable accountability on employers to verify an applicant's legitimate validity and to dismiss workers without status. Hoffman Plastic Caserecognized that the National Immigration Policy should limit unauthorized workers support. The logic was that an unauthorized immigrant who could not legally work should not be compensated in a lawsuit since it would be violating the law. Courts also found that immigration status and unauthorized work status do not bar a worker claiming compensation. They however, declined to extend the reasoning on Hoffman Plastic to different case solutions as it was for Catalan versus Vermillion Ranch Li mited Partnership where the court refused to enter a custodial order regarding the complainants immigration status. To curb on illegal immigration, an unauthorized worker program should be set up allowing illegal immigrants to go back to their original countries to get proper paperwork. Serious repercussions should be imposed on employers who engage illegal workers in jobs. Employers and State welfare workers should verify documentation through a database with access to current immigrant and visa information. Local law enforcement agencies should be given jurisdiction over illegal immigrants in the community. Comprehensive immigration policies should be reformed and enforced by securing the borders, enforcing all immigration laws, reforming the visa system and partnering with Latin America on key economic and reform initiatives for a better economy and interrelations with the neighboring countries.

Aquatic Communities

Aquatic Communities Aquatic communities are the worlds major water habitats. Like land biomes, aquatic communities can also be subdivided based on common characteristics. Two common designations are  freshwater and marine communities. Freshwater Communities Rivers and Streams are bodies of water that continuously move in a single direction. Both are rapidly changing communities. The source of the river or stream usually differs significantly from the point at which the river or stream empties. A variety of plants and animals can be found in these freshwater communities, including trout, algae, cyanobacteria, fungi, and of course, various species of fish. Estuaries are the areas where freshwater streams or rivers meet the ocean. These highly productive regions contain widely diverse plant and animal life. The river or stream usually carries many nutrients from inland sources, making estuaries capable of supporting this rich diversity and high productivity. Estuaries are feeding and breeding grounds for a variety of animals, including  waterfowl, reptiles, mammals, and amphibians. Lakes and Ponds are standing bodies of water. Many streams and rivers end in lakes and ponds. Phytoplankton are usually found in the upper layers. Because light is absorbed only to certain depths, photosynthesis is common only in the upper layers. Lakes and ponds also support a variety of plant and animal life, including  small fish, brine shrimp, aquatic insects, and numerous plant species. Marine Communities Oceans cover approximately 70% of the earths surface. Marine communities are difficult to divide into distinct types  but can be classified based on the degree of light penetration. The simplest classification consists of two distinct zones: the photic and aphotic zones. The photic zone is the light zone or area from the surface of the water to the depths at which the light intensity is only around 1 percent of that at the surface. Photosynthesis occurs in this zone. The vast majority of marine life exists in the photic zone. The aphotic zone is an area that receives little or no sunlight. The environment in this zone is extremely dark and cold. Organisms living in the aphotic zone are often bioluminescent or are extremophiles and adept at living in extreme environments. As with the other communities, a variety of organisms live in the ocean. Some include  fungi, sponges, starfish, sea anemones, fish, crabs, dinoflagellates, green algae, marine mammals, and giant kelp.

Government 1 Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Government 1 - Dissertation Example Thus, if I discover that the government might be monitoring my e-mail and internet security, I would not only reduce the information I reveal on the internet, but I would also reduce the frequency at which I make use of the internet and try other means of communication. Freedom of expression should be allowed on the internet and there should not be any restriction on this (Atallah, 2010). This is due the fact that the internet has now become the main medium that people air their views, hence telling people that there is a limit to the way they can express themselves is like a violation on their fundamental human right. However, when the issue of the restriction of freedom of expression arises, there would be serious problems on the types of expression that should be restricted. There would be no standard yardstick as to the kind of things that people should be expected to talk about on the internet. Thus, it is not in any way desirable to restrict freedom of expression in any instanc e as people should be free to say anything they like on the internet. Reference Atallah, M. (2010). Privacy Enhancing Technologies: 10th International Symposium, PETS 2010, July 21-23, 2010, Berlin, Germany, Proceedings. New York: Springer.

States with Stricter gun laws don't have a dramatic difference in gun Term Paper

States with Stricter gun laws don't have a dramatic difference in gun violence crimes compared to States with less laws - Term Paper Example Statistics have it that in the year 2010, the murdering of more than 358 people were carried out using rifles. A total of 6,009 people were killed by the use of handguns and others 1939 people were murdered by firearm. It is rather absurd to note that states with the highest increased gun ownership have the largest rates of violent crimes. More than thirty one states have implemented such laws commonly referred to as â€Å"shall issue laws†. These laws permit the adults to handle concealed handguns on condition that they do not have a criminal record or a bad history of vital mental illness (Stephen, 2000). This goes beyond odds to disapprove common sense that implies when most people carry guns the crimes involving guns will be greatly reduced. This can be looked at from the perspective that criminals are given huge penalties because a higher arrest and conviction of criminals reduces the rate of crime. This has been considered to imply that someone committing a crime will se ek the help of another person who is in a position to help him or her. Surprisingly there is a high negative relationship between the number of law –abiding citizens who have permits and the number of crimes committed (Stephen, 2000). These occurrences are taken to imply that as more people get gun permits, the rate of crimes related to guns reduces greatly. It has also been observed that murder rates keep on reducing by 3 per cent , rape cases by 2 per cent and robberies by above 2 per cent for every year that handgun law has been in place (Dowlut, 2002). Violent crimes are believed to have reduced by concealed handgun mainly because they lower the occurrence of attempted crimes now that criminals are not sure which possible victims can safeguard them and also victims who poses guns can easily secure themselves at most times. Stricter laws are seen in Connecticut in terms of gun ownership than most states (Dowlut, 2002). Contrary Opinion Some recent studies by a pro-gun cont rol the San Francisco organization gives an opposite view with regards to the gun laws and the rates of crimes related to guns. The study has it that the firm restrictive laws as witnessed in California and Connecticut experience lower rates of gun-related killings while states with less restrictions on firearms have an increased rate. California was regarded as having the firmest laws on gun controls in the entire nation as per the Law Centre to Prevent Gun Violence which is behind the firearms regulation promotion. Connecticut comes fourth when it comes to states with the strongest gun laws and the impact was seen when it recorded the sixth -lowest gun deaths. States with less strict laws like Alaska, Louisiana and Montana recorded the highest number of deaths resulting from gunfire doubling the number witnessed in California. The federal Centres for Disease Control report had it that California experienced 7.88 gun deaths for every 100,000 residents in comparison with the 20.28 r ate in Alaska (Burton, 2010). Another research conducted by the University of Alabama at Birmingham on states in need

Salt Pollution :: essays research papers

Salt Pollution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As awareness for pollution increases, other forms of pollution are defined. Almost everyone knows about toxic waste and carbon dioxide pollution, but not many people have heard of salt pollution. Salt pollution has been on the increase since the evolution of the automobile. With more pressure on government agencies to keep the highway clear and safe, an increase in the use of salt has developed. It is important to understand why salt is used and how it work as well as the environmental effects to understand the salt pollution problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salt is a necessary and accepted part of the winter environment. It provides safety and mobility for motorists, commercial vehicles and emergency vehicles. Salt is used as the principal deicer because it is the most available and cost-effective deicer. Rock salt is preferred because it is cheap and effective. It costs 20 dollars a ton where as an alternative like calcium magnesium cost around 700 dollars a ton. Some 10 million tons of deicing salt is used each year in the U.S. and about 3 million in Canada.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salt is used to keep snow and ice from bonding to the pavement and to allow snowplows to remove. When salt is applied to ice and snow it creates a brine that has a lower freezing temperature than the surrounding ice or snow. Salt is the ideal deicing material because it is:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢the least expensive deicer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢easy to spread   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢easy to store and handle   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢readily available   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢non-toxic   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢harmless to skin and clothing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salt pollution is broken into two main groups. Water, which includes the effects on ground water, surface water and aquatic life and land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of the salt applied to the roadways eventually ends up in the ground water. It is estimated that 30% to 50% of the salt used travels into the ground water. Salt effect two areas of ground water, chloride concentration and sodium concentration. Chlorides may be present in the form of sodium chloride crystals or as a ion in a solution. Normal concentrations in the water are average around 10 mg/litre. Concentrations found in ground water near major highways have been recorded as high as 250 mg/litre which is around the threshold of taste.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main factor with ground water pollution is the risk to human health. The raised level in sodium in water can cause high blood pressure and hypertension. With people who already suffer from these problem it is necessary to keep their salt intake relatively low, they should not drink water above 20 mg/liter. Although this is recommended, a study of private well water in Toronto showed that half the wells exceeded this limit, twenty percent exceeded Salt Pollution :: essays research papers Salt Pollution   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As awareness for pollution increases, other forms of pollution are defined. Almost everyone knows about toxic waste and carbon dioxide pollution, but not many people have heard of salt pollution. Salt pollution has been on the increase since the evolution of the automobile. With more pressure on government agencies to keep the highway clear and safe, an increase in the use of salt has developed. It is important to understand why salt is used and how it work as well as the environmental effects to understand the salt pollution problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salt is a necessary and accepted part of the winter environment. It provides safety and mobility for motorists, commercial vehicles and emergency vehicles. Salt is used as the principal deicer because it is the most available and cost-effective deicer. Rock salt is preferred because it is cheap and effective. It costs 20 dollars a ton where as an alternative like calcium magnesium cost around 700 dollars a ton. Some 10 million tons of deicing salt is used each year in the U.S. and about 3 million in Canada.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salt is used to keep snow and ice from bonding to the pavement and to allow snowplows to remove. When salt is applied to ice and snow it creates a brine that has a lower freezing temperature than the surrounding ice or snow. Salt is the ideal deicing material because it is:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢the least expensive deicer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢easy to spread   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢easy to store and handle   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢readily available   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢non-toxic   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢harmless to skin and clothing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salt pollution is broken into two main groups. Water, which includes the effects on ground water, surface water and aquatic life and land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of the salt applied to the roadways eventually ends up in the ground water. It is estimated that 30% to 50% of the salt used travels into the ground water. Salt effect two areas of ground water, chloride concentration and sodium concentration. Chlorides may be present in the form of sodium chloride crystals or as a ion in a solution. Normal concentrations in the water are average around 10 mg/litre. Concentrations found in ground water near major highways have been recorded as high as 250 mg/litre which is around the threshold of taste.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The main factor with ground water pollution is the risk to human health. The raised level in sodium in water can cause high blood pressure and hypertension. With people who already suffer from these problem it is necessary to keep their salt intake relatively low, they should not drink water above 20 mg/liter. Although this is recommended, a study of private well water in Toronto showed that half the wells exceeded this limit, twenty percent exceeded

Dangers of Refined Sugar

In 1957, Dr. William Coda Martin tried to answer the question: When is a food a food and when is it a poison? His working definition of â€Å"poison† was: â€Å"Medically: Any substance applied to the body, ingested or developed within the body, which causes or may cause disease. Physically: Any substance which inhibits the activity of a catalyst which is a minor substance, chemical or enzyme that activates a reaction. â€Å"1 The dictionary gives an even broader definition for â€Å"poison†: â€Å"to exert a harmful influence on, or to pervert†.Dr. Martin classified refined sugar as a poison because it has been depleted of its life forces, vitamins and minerals. â€Å"What is left consists of pure, refined carbohydrates. The body cannot utilize this refined starch and carbohydrate unless the depleted proteins, vitamins and minerals are present. Nature supplies these elements in each plant in quantities sufficient to metabolize the carbohydrate in that particu lar plant. There is no excess for other added carbohydrates.Incomplete carbohydrate metabolism results in the formation of ‘toxic metabolite' such as pyruvic acid and abnormal sugars containing five carbon atoms. Pyruvic acid accumulates in the brain and nervous system and the abnormal sugars in the red blood cells. These toxic metabolites interfere with the respiration of the cells. They cannot get sufficient oxygen to survive and function normally. In time, some of the cells die. This interferes with the function of a part of the body and is the beginning of degenerative disease. â€Å"2Refined sugar is lethal when ingested by humans because it provides only that which nutritionists describe as â€Å"empty† or â€Å"naked† calories. It lacks the natural minerals which are present in the sugar beet or cane. In addition, sugar is worse than nothing because it drains and leaches the body of precious vitamins and minerals through the demand its digestion, detoxifi cation and elimination makes upon one's entire system. So essential is balance to our bodies that we have many ways to provide against the sudden shock of a heavy intake of sugar.Minerals such as sodium (from salt), potassium and magnesium (from vegetables), and calcium (from the bones) are mobilized and used in chemical transmutation; neutral acids are produced which attempt to return the acid-alkaline balance factor of the blood to a more normal state. Recommended Reading: †¢The Health Dangers of Refined Sugar †¢7 Reasons Why Stevia is Better Than Refined Sugar †¢5 Health Dangers of High Fructose Corn Syrup Sugar taken every day produces a continuously overacid condition, and more and more minerals are required from deep in the body in the attempt to rectify the imbalance.Finally, in order to protect the blood, so much calcium is taken from the bones and teeth that decay and general weakening begin. Excess sugar eventually affects every organ in the body. Initially, it is stored in the liver in the form of glucose (glycogen). Since the liver's capacity is limited, a daily intake of refined sugar (above the required amount of natural sugar) soon makes the liver expand like a balloon. When the liver is filled to its maximum capacity, the excess glycogen is returned to the blood in the form of fatty acids.These are taken to every part of the body and stored in the most inactive areas: the belly, the buttocks, the breasts and the thighs. When these comparatively harmless places are completely filled, fatty acids are then distributed among active organs, such as the heart and kidneys. These begin to slow down; finally their tissues degenerate and turn to fat. The whole body is affected by their reduced ability, and abnormal blood pressure is created. The parasympathetic nervous system is affected; and organs governed by it, such as the small brain, become inactive or paralyzed. Normal brain function is rarely thought of as being as biologic as dige stion. ) The circulatory and lymphatic systems are invaded, and the quality of the red corpuscles starts to change. An overabundance of white cells occurs, and the creation of tissue becomes slower. Our body's tolerance and immunizing power becomes more limited, so we cannot respond properly to extreme attacks, whether they be cold, heat, mosquitoes or microbes. Excessive sugar has a strong mal-effect on the functioning of the brain.The key to orderly brain function is glutamic acid, a vital compound found in many vegetables. The B vitamins play a major role in dividing glutamic acid into antagonistic-complementary compounds which produce a â€Å"proceed† or â€Å"control† response in the brain. B vitamins are also manufactured by symbiotic bacteria which live in our intestines. When refined sugar is taken daily, these bacteria wither and die, and our stock of B vitamins gets very low. Too much sugar makes one sleepy; our ability to calculate and remember is lost.

Porters 5 Forces for Del Monte India - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 897 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/12 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Company name: Field Fresh Pvt. Ltd. (Del Monte Foods) SBU: Processed foods beverages Strategic group: Nestle (Maggi), HUL (Kissan), Dabur (Real) Industry Analysis: A. Bargaining Power of Suppliers-Low * Switching costs- low * Differentiation of inputs- low * Threat of forward integration- high * Supplier concentration- low The Porter’s â€Å"Five Forces† framework for packaged food beverage industry analysis Bargaining Power of Buyers- Low * Buyer concentration: less * Buyer Volume: low * Switching cost: low * Brand identity: strong * Ability to backward integrate: less Threat of Potential Substitutes- High * Price performance differentiation: low * Switching cost: low * Buyer propensity to substitute: high Threat of New Entrants- Medium * Brand Identity: strong * Switching costs: low * Access to distribution: tough * Proprietary product differences: low * Capital requirements: High * Access to necessary inputs: Tough Industry competitors Degree of Rivalry- High * Industry is expected to grow at CAGR of 9% * Brand identity: Strong * Switching costs: low * Product differences: low * Diversity of Competitors: high B. Key Success Factors: a) Distribution-related KSFs: * A large network of distributors Efficient and responsive supply chain * Efficient usage of Retailer shelf space as Display * Trustworthy relationship with retailers b) Marketing-related KSFs: * Top of the mind brand recall * Motivated Sales team trained in having good product knowledge * Point of Sale advertising * Special offers and bulk buy deals for retailers * Attractive and strong product packaging c) Other types of KSFs: * High product quality standards in norm with food standards and guidelines * Product innovation capabilities with respect to new product launch and time to market C. Industry’s Dominant Features: * Market size and growth rate Number of rivals: In certain product categories, such as, ketchup and sauces, the industry is dominated by a few large companies with national presence but overall it is fragmented into many small and regional companies. * Number of buyers: Market demand is fragmented among several buyers across the country and hence buyers do not enjoy much of bargaining power * Degree of product differentiation: Product of other companies is less differentiated leading to heightened price competition. * Product Innovation: Development of new and differentiated products is important D. Industry Driving Forces: * Booming modern retail Increasing globalisation of industry leading to several foreign companies foraying into India * Changes in consumer behaviour ma rked by increased health consciousness and adoption of urban and outgoing lifestyle * Burgeoning middle class with increased purchasing power SWOT StrengthReputed and trusted International BrandEntry in India with Bharti, a well-known brandHuge investment potentialHigh quality of products| Weakness Presently sales volume is too low, so difficult to retain distributors, and get new ones. Products are not available in sachets and tetra packs (lower priced), hence people put off. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Porters 5 Forces for Del Monte India" essay for you Create order There are packaging issues with juices (Metal Cans)High credit period handicaps distributors. | OpportunityImmense market potential in India Increasing Income level of peoplePeople are slowly developing taste of canned juices which is good for companyPeople are liking the taste of company’s ketchup with its unique flavorsVery less competition for few products like fruit cock tail, fruit slices etc| ThreatWith more and more players entering into market, the competition has made it a price war with very low margins. Distributor confidence is very low as the products do not move as fast as competitors. Due to high credit period given to retailers, Distributor money is blocked causing them to lose interest and thus motivation to promote products on their own| Building Competitive Advantage: Resource-based view The company derives its competitive advantage from the valuable resources it has. The biggest resource that the Co is leveraging is the global product range and brand identity of Del Monte and the backing of Indian partner Bharti Enterprises further add to the credibility of the Brand in India which differentiates it from its competitors. 1. Threat to Sustainability Imitation- Local importers are importing foreign products in the same space and climbing the peak that has started flattening because of heightened competition. * Substitution- Several companies which are hitherto in contract manufacturing are forward integrating and displacing the company’s business model of importing Del Monte products and marketing in India. Private labels of retailer are yet another thre at to sustainability. * Hold-up- Tremendous amount of added value created is lost to retailers and the distributors as the Brand Del Monte is newly launched in India and it doesn’t enjoy much of bargaining power. The company has to give special offers to both the distributors and the retailers to stock the company’s products which eat into the value created. * Slack- Lack of performance-based pay leaves the company’s sales men less motivated to maximize the sales. Secondly, frequent defects in the product packaging leads to sales return causing dead stock that dissipates the added value. 2. Strategic challenges facing the company * Pan India penetration- India has a huge market potential but there is cut throat competition and price war between major FMCG players. To reach across the length and breadth of country is a formidable task in front of company. * Creating Brand awareness- Top of the mind recall for Del Monte products is still low in India despite the promotions carried out by the Co. * Building long-term relationships with the distributors and retailers- As the Co. is new in India its products are not as fast moving as its competitors leading to delayed payments from retailers to distributors and at times the payments due even go bad debt leaving the distributor in the distressed state. Thus, many dealers leave the dealership causing the disruption in the supply chain.